Gịnị bụ nnukwu arịa ọrịa kansa ọbara, mgbaàmà na ọgwụgwọ

Ndinaya

• Mgbaàmà nke nnukwu ọrịa leukemia
• Nnukwu leukemia nwata
• Ọgwụgwọ nnukwu ọrịa leukemia
• Nwere ike gwọọ nnukwu leukemia?

Ọrịa leukemia dị ukwuu bụ ụdị ọrịa kansa metụtara ụbụrụ na - adịghị mma, nke na - eduga n'ịmepụta mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara na - adịghị mma. Enwere ike ịkọwapụta ọrịa kansa ọbara dị ukwuu na myeloid ma ọ bụ lymphoid dịka akara akara cellular mara site na immunophenotyping, nke bụ usoro nyocha nke ụlọ nyocha eji eme ka mkpụrụ ndụ dị iche iche dị na microscopic visualization.

Typedị leukemia a na-ahụkarị ụmụaka na ndị toro eto ma ihe ngosi nke ihe karịrị 20% nke ọgbụgba ọkụ n'ime ọbara, nke bụ mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara na-eto eto, yana oghere ọrịa kansa ọbara, nke kwekọrọ na enweghị mkpụrụ ndụ etiti n'etiti ihe gbawara na neutrophils tozuru oke.

A na-eme ọgwụgwọ nnukwu ọrịa leukemia site na mmịnye ọbara na kemoterapi na gburugburu ụlọ ọgwụ ruo mgbe achọpụtabeghị akara ahụike na ụlọ nyocha metụtara ọrịa ọrịa kansa ọbara.

Mgbaàmà nke nnukwu ọrịa leukemia

Mgbaàmà nke nnukwu myeloid ma ọ bụ lymphoid leukemia metụtara mgbanwe nke mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara na ụmị ọkpụkpụ, ndị isi bụ:

• Adịghị ike, ike ọgwụgwụ na indisposition;
• Ọbara ọgbụgba si imi na / ma ọ bụ odo odo na anụ ahụ;
• Enwekwu oge nsọ na ọchịchọ nke nsị;
• Ahụ ọkụ, ọsụsọ abalị na ọnwụ ọnwụ n’enweghị ihe kpatara ya;
• Ọkpụkpụ mgbu, ụkwara na isi ọwụwa.

Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ọkara nke ndị ọrịa nwere mgbaàmà ndị a ruo ọnwa 3 ruo mgbe a na-achọpụta ọrịa leukemia site na nyocha dịka:

• Ọnwụ ọbara zuru ezu, nke na-egosi leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia na ọnụnọ nke ọtụtụ mkpụrụ ndụ na-eto eto (blasts), ma site na myeloid ma ọ bụ lymphoid lineage;
• Nnwale mmiri ọgwụ, dị ka usoro onunu ogwu nke uric acid na LDH, nke na-arịkarị elu n'ihi ọnụnọ nke ọgbụgba ọkụ n'ime ọbara;
• Ọrịa coagulogram, nke a na-enyocha mmepụta nke fibrinogen, D-dimer na oge prothrombin;
• Myelogram, nke a na-enyocha njirimara nke ụmị ọkpụkpụ.

Na mgbakwunye na ule ndị a, onye na-ahụ maka ọbara na-arịa ọrịa nwere ike ịrịọ mmụba site na usoro mkpụrụ ndụ, dị ka NPM1, CEBPA ma ọ bụ FLT3-ITD, iji gosi ụdị ọgwụgwọ kacha mma.

Nnukwu leukemia nwata

Ọrịa leukemia na-eto eto n'ozuzu ya nwere amụma ka mma karịa nke ndị okenye, mana ọgwụgwọ nke ọrịa a ga-arụ na gburugburu ụlọ ọgwụ site na chemotherapy, nke nwere mmetụta dịka ọgbụgbọ, ọgbụgbọ na ntutu isi, ya mere oge a nwere ike ịbụ ike gwụrụ nwa na ezinụlọ. N'agbanyeghị nke a, enwere ohere ịgwọ ọrịa karịa ụmụaka. Hụ mmetụta nke kemoterapi na otu esi eme ya.

Ọgwụgwọ nnukwu ọrịa leukemia

Ọgwụgwọ maka nnukwu leukemia kọwaa site na hematologist dịka mgbaàmà, nsonaazụ nyocha, afọ nke mmadụ, ọnụnọ nke ọrịa, ihe egwu nke metastasis na nlọghachi. Oge ọgwụgwọ nwere ike ịdị iche, yana mgbaàmà na-amalite ibelata ọnwa 1 ruo 2 mgbe mmalite nke polychemotherapy dị, dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọgwụgwọ ahụ nwere ike ịdịru ihe dịka afọ 3.

Enwere ike ịme ọgwụgwọ maka nnukwu leukemia nke myeloid site na chemotherapy, nke bụ ngwakọta ọgwụ, ịmịnye platelet na iji ọgwụ nje mee ihe iji belata ihe ize ndụ nke ibute ọrịa, ebe ọ bụ na usoro ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ dị njọ. Mụtakwuo maka ọgwụgwọ maka nnukwu ọrịa myeloid leukemia.

Banyere ọgwụgwọ maka ọrịa lymphoid leukemia dị ukwuu, enwere ike ịme ya site na ọgwụgwọ multidrug, nke a na-eji nnukwu ọgwụ eme ihe iji wepụ ihe ize ndụ nke ọrịa ahụ nwere ike iru na usoro ụjọ nke etiti. Mụta otu esi emeso ọrịa leukemia nke lymphoid.

Ọ bụrụ na enwere ọrịa ọzọ, enwere ike ịhọrọ ụmị ọkpụkpụ n'ihi na, na nke a, ọ bụghị mmadụ niile na-erite uru na ọgwụgwọ ọgwụ.

Nwere ike gwọọ nnukwu leukemia?

Ọgwụ na-arịa ọrịa leukemia na-ezo aka na enweghị ihe ịrịba ama na mgbaàmà e ji amata ọrịa leukemia n'ime afọ 10 mgbe ngwụcha ọgwụgwọ gasịrị, na-enweghị nlọghachi azụ.

N'ihe metụtara nnukwu ọrịa myeloid leukemia, ọgwụgwọ nwere ike, n'ihi ọtụtụ usoro ọgwụgwọ, agbanyeghị ka afọ na-aga, ọgwụgwọ ma ọ bụ njikwa ọrịa ahụ nwere ike isiwanye ike; onye ọphuu bẹ onye ọbu emejeru madzụ imiko.

N'ihe banyere nnukwu ọrịa lymphoid leukemia, ohere nke ọgwụgwọ ka ukwuu na ụmụaka, ihe dịka 90%, na 50% nke ọgwụgwọ na ndị okenye ruo afọ 60, agbanyeghị, ịbawanye ohere nke ọgwụgwọ na igbochi nlọghachi ọrịa ahụ, Ọ dị mkpa na achọpụtara ya ozugbo enwere ike ma ọgwụgwọ ya amalite n'oge na-adịghị anya.

Ọbụna mgbe ịmalitechara ọgwụgwọ, onye ahụ ga-eme nyocha oge ụfọdụ iji chọpụta ma enwere nlọghachi ma ọ bụ na ọ bụrụ na ọ dị, ịmaliteghachi ọgwụgwọ ozugbo ka ohere ịnweta mgbake kpamkpam nke ọrịa ahụ ka ukwuu.