Protein Electrophoresis: gịnị maka ya na otu esi aghọta nsonaazụ ya

Ndinaya

• Gịnị ka ọ bụ maka
• Kedu ka esi eme
• Olee otú ịghọta nsonaazụ
• Albumin
• Alfa-1-globulin
• Alfa-2-globulin
• Beta-1-globulin
• Beta-2-globulin
• Gamma-globulin

Protein electrophoresis bụ udomo oro dọkịta rịọrọ maka ebumnuche nke nyocha ọrịa ndị nwere ike ibute mgbanwe na ọnụọgụ protein ndị na-agbagharị n'ọbara, a na-ewere ya dị ka otu n'ime nyocha ndị bụ isi rịọrọ maka nyocha na nyocha nke ọtụtụ myeloma.

A na-eme nyocha a site n'omume ọbara, nke na-eme usoro ịgbatị ọbara iji nweta plasma ọbara, bụ nke a na-ahụ protein. Ndị a na-edozi ahụ na-enweta usoro nkewa dị ka ụgwọ eletriki ha na ịdị arọ nke molekụl, na-eduga n'ịmepụta usoro mmachi na, na-esote, eserese nke dị mkpa maka nkọwa nke nyocha nke dọkịta ahụ.

Ndị na-edozi ahụ a na-enyocha na ule a dị mkpa maka ịrụ ọrụ kwesịrị ekwesị nke organism, ebe ọ bụ na ha na-arụ ọrụ na usoro ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ, na usoro nsị na mmeghachi omume nke metabolic, na mgbakwunye na inwe ike iburu ụfọdụ irighiri ihe na saịtị ha. Yabụ, mgbanwe n'ọnọdụ ha nwere ike na-egosi ọrịa. N'ime protein ndị enwetara bụ albumin, alpha-glycoproteins, beta-glycoproteins na gamma-glycoproteins.

Gịnị ka ọ bụ maka

Protein electrophoresis bụ onye dọkịta rịọrọ ka ọ lelee ọnụọgụ protein dị na ahụ ma, ya mere, nyochaa mgbanwe na ọrịa nwere ike, nwee ike ịmalite ọgwụgwọ n'oge, ma ọ bụrụ na nke a bụ ikpe. Fọdụ ọnọdụ ndị dọkịta nwere ike ịtụ na protein electrophoresis bụ mgbe enwere akara na mgbaàmà na-egosi:

• Akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ;
• Otutu myeloma;
• Mbufụt;
• Ọrịa cirrhosis;
• Usoro lupus erythematosus;
• Ọbara mgbali elu;
• Ascites;
• Glomerulonephritis;
• Ọrịa Cushing;
• Emphysema;
• Ọrịa imeju;
• Anemia;
• Pancreatitis.

Na mgbakwunye na ọnọdụ ndị a, enwere ike ịrịọ ule a mgbe onye ahụ na-anata ọgwụgwọ estrogen ma ọ bụ mgbe ọ dị ime, dịka n'ọnọdụ ndị a enwere ike nwee mgbanwe n'ọkwa protein, ọ dị mkpa ịlele protein gbanwere ma mee usoro na ịgbanwe. ọnọdụ ahụ.

Kedu ka esi eme

A na-eme electrophoresis protein site na ịnakọta ọbara site na onye ahụ site na ọkachamara zụrụ azụ na enweghị nkwadebe dị mkpa. A na-eziga ihe nlele ahụ nwetara na laabu ka e nwee nkewa n'etiti mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara uhie na plasma. N'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, enwere ike ịme mmamịrị awa 24 iji chọpụta ọnụọgụ protein nke ewepụtara na mamịrị ụbọchị, nke dọkịta na-arịọkarị mgbe nsogbu akụrụ na-enyo enyo.

A na-etinye plasma ahụ na agarose gel ma ọ bụ cellulose acetate yana dye na ihe nrịbama maka nke ọ bụla na-edozi ahụ ma tinyezie eletrik iji kpalite nkewa nke ndị na-edozi ahụ dịka ikike eletrik ha si dị, ibu ibu. Mgbe nkewa, a na-ahụkarị ndị na-edozi ahụ site n'usoro band, na-egosi ma ọ bụ enweghị ndị na-edozi ahụ.

Ekem, ẹbat protein emi ke san̄asan̄a n̄kpọ emi ẹkotde densitometer, emi ẹsidụkde mme protein emi ẹdude ke iyịp, ye se idide ata mbahade kiet kiet ye ibat oro ẹnọde ke ekpri udomo protein kiet emi ẹwụtde ke mbụk oro, adianade ye ndise emi, nke dị mkpa maka nghọta ka mma site na dọkịta na onye ọrịa nke nsonaazụ ule.

Olee otú ịghọta nsonaazụ

Nsonaazụ nke nyocha electrophoresis protein ga-atụgharịrị dọkịta, onye na-enyocha oke na uru bara uru nke protein, na mgbakwunye na eserese nke ewepụtara na akụkọ ahụ.

Na nsonaazụ, egosiri akụkụ protein, ya bụ, ụkpụrụ a chọtara maka albumin, alpha-1-globulin, alpha-2-globulin, beta-1-globulin, beta-2-globulin na gamma-globulin. Banyere usoro mmachi, anaghị ewepụ ya na akụkọ ahụ, na-adịgide naanị na ụlọ nyocha ma ọ dị maka dọkịta.

Albumin

Albumin bụ protein plasma dị n'ọtụtụ buru ibu ma mepụta na imeju, na-arụ ọrụ dị iche iche, dị ka ibugharị homonụ, vitamin na nri, na-achịkwa pH na osmotic njikwa ahụ. Nchịkọta nke albumin n'ime imeju na-adabere na ọnọdụ nri mmadụ, ego nke homonụ na-ekesa na pH ọbara. N’ihi ya, ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ albumin dị na protein electrophoresis na-egosi ọnọdụ nke ihe oriri n’ozuzu mmadụ ma na-enye ohere ịchọpụta mgbanwe ndị pụrụ ịgbanwe n’imeju ma ọ bụ akụrụ.

Ntughari uru na electrophoresis (nwere ike ịdị iche dịka ụlọ nyocha): 4.01 rue 4.78 g / dL; 55.8 ka 66.1%

Albumin na-aba ụba: Mmụba nke albumin na-abụkarị n'ihi nsị nke akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ, ma ọ bụghị n'ihi na e nwere mmụba na mmepụta nke protein a, mana n'ihi na mmiri dị obere ma, ya mere, oke ọbara, ya mere, ọkwa dị elu nke albumin bụ kwupụtara.

Ibelata albumin: A na-ewere Albumin dị ka nnukwu protein na-adịghị mma, ya bụ, n'ọnọdụ nke mbufụt, enwere mbelata ọkwa albumin. Ya mere, mbelata albumin nwere ike ime na ọrịa shuga, ọbara mgbali elu, edema, ascites, erighị ihe na-edozi ahụ na ọrịa cirrhosis, nke imeju imeju na albumin njikọ na-enwe nsogbu.

Mụtakwuo banyere albumin.

Alfa-1-globulin

Mkpụrụ mkpụrụ alpha-1-globulin nwere ọtụtụ protein, ndị isi bụ ha alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGA) na mkpụrụedemede-1-antitrypsin (AAT). AGA na-ekere òkè na e guzobere eriri collagen ma bụrụ ọrụ maka igbochi ọrụ nke nje na nje ndị ọzọ, yabụ na-enwe oke ọrụ na ịrụ ọrụ kwesịrị ekwesị nke usoro ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ. Dị ka AGA, AAT nwekwara nnukwu mkpa na usoro ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ.

Ntughari uru na electrophoresis (nwere ike ịdị iche dịka ụlọ nyocha): 0,22 ruo 0,41 g / dL; 2.9 ka 4.9%

Mụbara alpha-1-globulin: Mmụba nke protein na akụkụ a na-adịkarị n'ihi mbufụt na ọrịa. Ya mere, ọkwa dị elu nke alpha-1-globulin nwere ike igosi neoplasms, ọrịa Cushing, ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo, afọ ime na vasculitis, na mgbakwunye na inwe ike ịbawanye n'ihi nsonaazụ nke ọgwụgwọ na estrogens ma ọ bụ corticosteroids.

Mbelata na alpha-1-globulin: Mbelata ahụ nwere ike ibute nsonaazụ ọrịa nephrotic, ọrịa imeju siri ike, emphysema, cirrhosis na hepatocellular carcinoma.

Alfa-2-globulin

Agba alpha-2-globulin nwere protein atọ dị mkpa: the mgbakpo (CER), a haptoglobin (hpt) na macroglobulin (AMG), bụ ndị njupụta ya nwere ike ịba ụba n'ihi usoro mkpali na ọrịa.

Ceruloplasmin bụ protein nke imeju mepụtara ma nwee ọla kọpa buru ibu na nhazi ya, nke na-enye ya ohere ịrụ ọrụ ụfọdụ na ahụ. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, CER dị mkpa na usoro nke itinye ígwè n'ime transferrin, nke bụ protein dị mkpa maka ibugharị ígwè n'ime ahụ. Ọ bụ ezie na a na-ahụta ya dị ka protein dị ukwuu, ọkwa CER anaghị arị elu.

Haptoglobin nwere ọrụ maka ijigide haemoglobin ma, si otú a na-akwalite mmebi ya na mkpochapu ya. Macroglobulin, n'aka nke ọzọ, bụ otu n'ime protein ndị kachasị ukwuu na plasma ma nwee ọrụ maka ịhazi mmeghachi omume mkpali na nke immunological, na mgbakwunye na ibuga ndị na-edozi ahụ dị mfe, peptides, na ịhazi njikọ nke protein protein plasma site na imeju.

Ntughari uru na electrophoresis (nwere ike ịdị iche dịka ụlọ nyocha): 0,58 ruo 0,92 g / dL; 7.1 ka 11.8%

Mụbara alpha-2-globulin: Mmụba nke protein na akụkụ a nwere ike ịbụ ihe na-egosi ọrịa nephrotic, ọrịa Wilson, mmebi imeju, kesaa nsị intravascular na ọnya ụbụrụ, na mgbakwunye na inwe ike ịbawanye n'ihi ọgwụgwọ estrogen.

Mbelata na alpha-2-globulin: Mbelata nke ogo nke protein a nwere ike ime n'ihi hemolytic anemias, pancreatitis na ọrịa akpa ume.

Beta-1-globulin

IHE transferrin ọ bụ protein bụ isi nke akụkụ beta-1-globulin ma ọ bụ maka mbuga iron gaa ebe dị iche iche na ahụ. Na mgbakwunye na ego enwere ike nyochaa na protein electrophoresis, a ga-enyocha ịnyefe nke transrin n'ime ọbara na ule ọbara nkịtị. Ga-esi mara transferrin udomo oro.

Ntughari uru na electrophoresis (nwere ike ịdị iche dịka ụlọ nyocha): 0,36 ka 0,52 g / dL; 4.9 ka 7.2%

Mmụba nke beta-1-globulin: Mmụba ahụ na-eme na ọrịa anaemia iron, afọ ime, jaundice, hypothyroidism na ọrịa shuga.

Mbelata na beta-1-globulin: Mbelata nke akụkụ protein a anaghị adịkarị, agbanyeghị enwere ike ịhụ ya na usoro adịghị ala ala.

Beta-2-globulin

Na nkebi a, e nwere isi protein abụọ, beta-2-microglobulin (BMG) na C-arụ ọrụ protein (CRP). BMG bụ ihe nrịbama nke arụ ọrụ cellular, ịbụ ihe dị mkpa maka ịchọpụta etuto lymphocytic, dịka ọmụmaatụ, na mgbakwunye na enwere ike iji ya na usoro ọgwụgwọ na ebumnuche nke isoro onye ọrịa cancer ahụ, iji chọpụta ma ọ bụrụ na ọgwụgwọ ahụ na-arụ ọrụ. CRP bụ protein dị ezigbo mkpa na njirimara nke ọrịa na mbufụt, ebe ọ bụ na ọ bụ ya na-agbanwe ọtụtụ n 'ọkwa ya.

Ntughari uru na electrophoresis (nwere ike ịdị iche dịka ụlọ nyocha): 0,22 ruo 0,45 g / dL; 3.1 ruo 6.1%

Mmụba nke beta-2-globulin: Mmụba ahụ nwere ike ime n'ihe banyere ọrịa metụtara lymphocytes, mbufụt na ọrịa.

Mbelata na beta-2-globulin: Mbelata ahụ nwere ike ịbụ n'ihi nsogbu imeju, nke na-egbochi njikọ nke protein ndị a.

Gamma-globulin

N'ime akụkụ a nke protein electrophoresis a na-ahụ immunoglobulins, nke bụ ndị na-edozi ahụ maka nchekwa nke organism. Ghọta otu usoro ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ si arụ ọrụ.

Ntughari uru na electrophoresis (nwere ike ịdị iche dịka ụlọ nyocha): 0,72 ruo 1.27 g / dL; 11.1 ka 18.8%

Gamma-globulin na-abawanye: Mmụba nke protein protein gamma-globulin na-ebute ihu ọrịa, mbufụt na ọrịa autoimmune, dị ka ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo. Na mgbakwunye, enwere ike ịba ụba n'ihe banyere lymphoma, cirrhosis na ọtụtụ myeloma.

Gamma-globulin belata: Dị ka ọ na-adịkarị, a na-agbada ọkwa immunoglobulin mgbe enwere nsogbu na usoro ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ n'ihi ọrịa na-adịghị ala ala, dịka ọmụmaatụ.