Nyocha Ule CO2

Ndinaya

• Kedu ihe bụ ule ọbara CO2?
• Ihe kpatara iwu ọbara CO2
• Kedu otu esi ewere ọbara
• Venipuncture ọbara sample
• Ọbara ọbara ọbara
• Otu esi akwado maka ule obara gi
• Ihe ize ndụ nke ule CO2 ọbara
• Nsonaazụ nnwale
• Obere bicarbonate (HCO3)
• Nnukwu bicarbonate (HCO3)
• Ogologo oge

Kedu ihe bụ ule ọbara CO2?

Nnwale ọbara CO2 na-atụle ego carbon dioxide (CO2) na ọbara, nke bụ akụkụ mmiri nke ọbara. A nwekwara ike ịkpọ CO2 ule:

• ule carbon dioxide
• ule TCO2
• ngụkọta ule CO2
• ule bicarbonate
• ule HCO3
• a CO2 ule-ọbara

Nwere ike ịnata ule CO2 dịka akụkụ nke otu akụkụ metabolic. Otu akụkụ metabolic bụ otu ule nke na-atụle electrolytes na gas.

Ahụ mmadụ nwere ụdị abụọ dị mkpa nke CO2:

• HCO3 (bicarbonate, isi ụdị CO2 n'ime ahụ)
• PCO2 (carbon dioxide)

Dọkịta gị nwere ike iji ule a chọpụta ma ọ bụrụ na enweghị nha anya n'etiti ikuku oxygen na carbon dioxide dị n'ọbara gị ma ọ bụ pH ahaghị nhata n'ọbara gị. Adịghị nhata ndị a nwere ike ịbụ ihe iriba ama nke akụrụ, akụkụ okuku ume, ma ọ bụ ọrịa metabolic.

Ihe kpatara iwu ọbara CO2

Dọkịta gị ga-enye iwu nyocha ọbara CO2 dabere na mgbaàmà gị. Ihe ịrịba ama nke adịghịzi oxygen na carbon dioxide ma ọ bụ pH ahaghị nhata gụnyere:

• mkpụmkpụ nke ume
• nsogbu iku ume ndị ọzọ
• ọgbụgbọ
• agbọ agbọ

Mgbaàmà ndị a nwere ike ịpụta nrụrụ akpa ume metụtara mgbanwe n'etiti oxygen na carbon dioxide.

Kwesiri ịnwe ikuku oxygen na carbon dioxide nke ọbara gị ugboro ugboro ma ọ bụrụ na ị nọ na ọgwụgwọ oxygen ma ọ bụ nwee ịwa ahụ ụfọdụ.

Kedu otu esi ewere ọbara

Enwere ike ịnwale ọbara maka ule ọbara CO2 site na akwara ma ọ bụ akwara.

Venipuncture ọbara sample

Venipuncture bu okwu eji akowa ihe obara nke anara site na akwara. Dọkịta gị ga-enye iwu ka ọbara ọbara venipuncture dị mfe ma ọ bụrụ na ha chọrọ ịlele HCO3.

Iji nweta nnweta ọbara venipuncture, onye nlekọta ahụike:

• na-eme ka saịtị ahụ (mgbe ụfọdụ n'ime ikpere aka) na-eji ọgwụ na-egbu nje
• kechie eriri gị n’elu ogwe aka gị iji mee ka akwara ahụ zaa ọbara
• jiri nwayọ tinye agịga n’ime akwara ma were ọbara n ’eriri etinyekọtara ọnụ ruo mgbe o zuru
• na-ewepu eriri ahụ na agịga
• na-ekpuchi ọnya mgbapu na gauze na-enweghị isi iji kwụsị ọbara ọgbụgba ọ bụla

Ọbara ọbara ọbara

Nnyocha ikuku gas na-abụkarị akụkụ nke ule CO2. Nyocha gas gas chọrọ ọbara ọbara n'ihi na gas na pH ọkwa dị na akwara dị iche na ọbara venous (ọbara site na akwara).

Akụ akwara na-ebu oxygen n’akụkụ ahụ niile. Ngwurugwu na-ebu ihe mkpofu metabolic na ọbara deoxygenated na ngụgụ ka a kpochapu ya dị ka carbon dioxide na akụrụ ka a gafee ya na mmamịrị.

Usoro a gbagwojuru anya na-eme site n'aka onye nkuzi a zụrụ iji nweta akwara n'enweghị nsogbu. A na-ewekarị ọbara ọbara na akwara na nkuaka a na-akpọ radial artery. Nke a bụ isi akwara akara na mkpịsị aka aka, ebe ị nwere ike ịnụ ụda gị.

Ma ọ bụ, enwere ike ịnakọta ọbara site na akwara obi na ikpere aka ma ọ bụ akwara femoral na ukwu. Iji nweta ọbara ọbara ọbara, onye na-eme ihe:

• jiri ọgwụ nje na-egbu nje na-eme ka ebe ahụ dị ọcha
• jiri nwayọọ tinye agịga n'ime akwara ahụ wee dọrọ ọbara n'ime ọkpọkọ etinyere ruo mgbe o zuru
• na-ewepu agịga
• na-etinye nrụgide siri ike na ọnya ahụ ma ọ dịkarịa ala minit ise iji hụ na ọbara ọgbụgba ahụ na-akwụsị. (Akwara na-ebu ọbara na nrụgide dị elu karịa akwara, yabụ ọ na-ewe oge karịa ka ọbara mepụta ọbara.)
• na-etinye ihe mkpuchi siri ike gburugburu ebe a na-agbapu oghere nke ga-adị mkpa ịnọ otu opekata mpe otu awa

Otu esi akwado maka ule obara gi

Dọkịta gị nwere ike ịrịọ gị ka ị buo ọnụ, ma ọ bụ kwụsị iri ihe na ị drinkingụ ihe ọ ,ụ ,ụ, tupu nyocha ọbara. Dọkịta gị nwekwara ike ịrịọ gị ka ị kwụsị ị certainụ ọgwụ ụfọdụ tupu ule ahụ dịka corticosteroids ma ọ bụ antacids. Ọgwụ ndị a na-eme ka ịba bicarbonate dị n'ime ahụ.

Ihe ize ndụ nke ule CO2 ọbara

E nwere obere ihe egwu metụtara ma venipuncture na ọbara ọbara ule. Ndị a gụnyere:

• ọbara ọgbụgba
• ịda mba
• ọkụ isi
• hematoma, nke bụ akpụ ọbara n'okpuru akpụkpọ ahụ
• ọrịa na saịtị

Mgbe ọbara gachara, onye na-eme gị ga-ahụ na ahụ dị gị mma, ọ ga-agwakwa gị otu esi elekọta saịtị mgbapu ahụ iji belata ohere ibute ọrịa.

Nsonaazụ nnwale

Normaldị nkịtị maka CO2 bụ 23 ka 29 mEq / L (nkeji milliequivalent kwa liter ọbara).

Nnwale ọbara na-atụle pH ọbara yana ọkwa CO2 iji chọpụta ihe kpatara mgbaàmà gị. Ọbara pH bụ mmesho nke acidity ma ọ bụ alkalinity. Alkalosis bụ mgbe mmiri ahụ gị na-arịa dị oke alkaline. Acidosis, n’aka nke ọzọ, bụ mgbe mmiri ahụ gị n’ahụ na-adị oke acid.

Dị ka ọ na-adị, ọbara dị ntakịrị nke nwere mmụgharị pH nke dị nso na 7.4 nke ahụ na-echekwa. A na-ahụkarị site na 7.35 ruo 7.45 dị ka nnọpụiche. Ngwunye pH ọbara na-erughị 7.35 ka a na-ewere dịka acidic. Otu ihe bara uru karịa alkaline mgbe nha pH ya karịrị 7.45.

Obere bicarbonate (HCO3)

Ihe nyocha nke obere bicarbonate na obere pH (ihe na-erughị 7.35) bụ ọnọdụ a na-akpọ metabolic acidosis. Ihe kpatara ya bụ:

• akụrụ ọdịda
• oké afọ ọsịsa
• lactic acidosis
• ọdịdọ
• kansa
• enweghị oxygen ruo ogologo oge site n'ọrịa anaemia, nkụda obi, ma ọ bụ ujo
• ọrịa mamịrị ketoacidosis (ọrịa mamịrị acidosis)

Ihe nlere nke obere bicarbonate na pH dị elu (karịa 7.45) bụ ọnọdụ a na-akpọ alkalosis respiratory. Ihe kpatara ya bụ:

• hyperventilation
• ahụ ọkụ
• mgbu
• nchegbu

Nnukwu bicarbonate (HCO3)

Ihe nyocha nke nnukwu bicarbonate na obere pH (ihe na-erughị 7.35) bụ ọnọdụ a na-akpọ iku ume acidosis. Ihe kpatara ya bụ:

• ọrịa oyi
• na-adịghị ala ala na-egbochi ọrịa akpa ume (COPD)
• ụkwara ume ọkụ
• akpa ume fibrosis
• ikpughe na ọgwụ ndị na-egbu egbu
• ọgwụ ndị na-egbochi iku ume, karịsịa mgbe ha jikọtara ya na mmanya
• ụkwara nta
• kansa ume
• akpa ume ọbara mgbali
• oké ibu

Ihe nyocha nke nnukwu bicarbonate na akwa pH (karịa 7.45) bụ ọnọdụ a na-akpọ metabolic alkalosis. Ihe kpatara ya bụ:

• adịghị ala ala
• obere ọkwa potassium
• hypoventilation, nke gunyere iku ume ume na iwepu iwepu CO2

Ogologo oge

Ọ bụrụ na dọkịta gị achọpụta na ahaghị CO2 na-egosi acidosis ma ọ bụ alkalosis, ha ga-eleba anya n'ihe kpatara enweghị nhịahụ a ma mesoo ya n'ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị. Ebe ọ bụ na ihe na-akpata ya dịgasị iche iche, ọgwụgwọ nwere ike ịgụnye ngbanwe nke ndụ, ọgwụ, na ịwa ahụ.