Odee: Virginia Floyd
OfbọChị Okike: 12 Ogostu 2021
DatebọChị Mmelite: 15 Novemba 2024
Anonim
Does Glucosamine Chondroitin Actually Work?
Vidio: Does Glucosamine Chondroitin Actually Work?

Ndinaya

Glucosamine bụ kemịkalụ na-apụtakarị na ahụ mmadụ. Ọ bụ n'ime mmiri dị gburugburu nkwonkwo. Glucosamine dịkwa na ebe ndị ọzọ na okike. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, a na-enwetakarị glucosamine eji eme ihe na nri site na shells nke shellfish. Glucosamine nwekwara ike ime na laabu.

E nwere ụdị dị iche iche nke glucosamine gụnyere glucosamine sulfate, glucosamine hydrochloride, na N-acetyl glucosamine. Chemicals ndị a dị iche iche nwere ụfọdụ myirịta, mana ha nwere ike ọ gaghị enwe otu mmetụta mgbe ewere dị ka mgbakwunye nri. Imirikiti nnyocha sayensị banyere glucosamine etinyela glucosamine sulfate.

Edeghị ụfọdụ ngwaahịa glucosamine n'ụzọ ziri ezi. N'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke glucosamine n'ezie na ngwaahịa a dịgasị iche site na onye ọ bụla karịa 100% nke ego ekwupụtara na akara ngwaahịa ahụ. Productsfọdụ ngwaahịa nwere glucosamine hydrochloride mgbe edepụtara glucosamine sulfate na label.

A na-ejikarị glycosamine sulfate na glucosamine hydrochloride eme ihe maka ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo. A na-ejikwa Glucosamine maka ọtụtụ ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ, mana enweghị ezigbo ihe mmụta sayensị iji kwado ojiji ndị a.

Natural Medicines Comprehensive database ọnụego na-arụ ọrụ dabere na ihe akaebe sayensị dịka usoro a si dị: Mmetụta, Ikekwe Ọ Ga-arụpụta Ihe, Ikekwe Ọ Ga-arụpụta Ihe, Ikekwe Ọ Dị Irè, Ikekwe Ọ Dị Irè, Adịghị Eme Ihe, na Ego ezughi ezu iji gosi.

Radị irè maka GLUCOSAMINE ndị dị ka ndị a:


Ikekwe ọ dị irè maka ...

  • Ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo. Ọtụtụ nnyocha na-egosi na ịmịkọrọ glycosamine sulfate nwere ike inye ụfọdụ ndị ogbu na nkwonkwo mgbu, ọkachasị ndị nwere ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo nke ikpere. Maka ụfọdụ ndị mmadụ, glucosamine sulfate nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ yana-na-na-counter na ọgwụ mgbu ọgwụ dị ka acetaminophen ma ọ bụ ibuprofen. Ma ọgwụ mgbu na-arụ ọrụ ngwa ngwa, ebe glucosamine sulfate nwere ike were izu 4-8 tupu ọ na-enye mgbu mgbu. Ọzọkwa, ndị na-ewere glucosamine sulfate na-achọkarị ọgwụ ọgwụ mgbu maka mgbu mgbu.

    Enwere ọtụtụ ụdị ngwaahịa glucosamine. Nnyocha ahụ na-egosi ọtụtụ uru bụ maka ngwaahịa ndị nwere glucosamine sulfate. Ngwaahịa nwere glucosamine hydrochloride adịghị ka ọ na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma belụsọ ma ewere ha na ngwakọta ndị ọzọ. Ọtụtụ ngwaahịa nwere glucosamine na chondroitin, mana enweghị ezigbo ihe akaebe na ngwaahịa ndị a na-arụ ọrụ ọ bụla karịa glucosamine sulfate n'onwe ya.

    Glucosamine sulfate adịghị ka ọ na-egbochi ndị mmadụ ịrịa ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo.

Ezughi oke akaebe iji gosipụta irè maka ...

  • Nkwonkwo mgbu kpatara ọgwụ ndị a na-akpọ aromatase inhibitors (aromatase inhibitor-induced arthralgias). Nnyocha mbụ emere na-atụ aro na ị aụ nchikota nke glycosamine sulfate na chondroitin sulfate n’ime ụzọ abụọ ma ọ bụ atọ e kewara ekewa kwa ụbọchị maka izu iri abụọ na anọ na-ebelata ihe mgbu ụmụ nwanyị na-a drugsụ ọgwụ na-eme ka ogo estrogen belata maka mmalite nke ọrịa ara ure.
  • Ọrịa obi. Ndị mmadụ na-ewere glucosamine nwere ike nwee obere nsogbu nke ịrịa ọrịa obi. Mana o doro anya ihe dose ma ọ bụ ụdị nke glucosamine nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ kacha mma. O dozighi anya ma ọ bụrụ na nsogbu a dị ala sitere na glucosamine ma ọ bụ site na ịgbaso usoro ndụ ndụ ka mma.
  • Nsogbu. Nnyocha mbụ mere na-egosi na ịmịkọrọ glucosamine hydrochloride maka izu 4 nwere ike melite mgbaàmà nke ịda mba na ụfọdụ ndị nwere ịda mba.
  • Ọrịa shuga. Ndị mmadụ na-ewere glucosamine nwere ike nwee obere ihe ize ndụ nke ịrịa ọrịa shuga. Mana o doro anya ihe dose ma ọ bụ ụdị nke glucosamine nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ kacha mma. O dozighi anya ma ọ bụrụ na nsogbu a dị ala sitere na glucosamine ma ọ bụ site na ịgbaso usoro ndụ ndụ ka mma.
  • Akwa cholesterol ma ọ bụ abụba ndị ọzọ (lipids) n'ime ọbara (hyperlipidemia). Nnyocha mbụ emere na-egosi na glucosamine hydrochloride anaghị emetụta cholesterol ma ọ bụ triglyceride na ndị nwere nnukwu cholesterol.
  • Ogologo oge ọzịza (mbufụt) na tract digestive (ọrịa nrịanrịa afọ ma ọ bụ IBD). Enwere ụfọdụ ihe akaebe oge mbụ na N-acetyl glucosamine nke ọnụ na-ewere ma ọ bụ na-agbatị nwere ike ibelata mgbaàmà nke IBD na ụmụaka nwere ọrịa Crohn ma ọ bụ ọnya afọ.
  • Ọrịa na-emetụta ọkpụkpụ na nkwonkwo, na-abụkarị ndị nwere nsogbu selenium (ọrịa Kashin-Beck). Ihe akaebe mbu na-egosi na ị gluụ glucosamine hydrochloride tinyere chondroitin sulfate na-ebelata ihe mgbu ma melite ọrụ anụ ahụ na ndị okenye nwere ọnọdụ a. Glunara glucosamine hydrochloride naanị nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ yana ịgwọ ọgwụ mgbu.
  • Ikpere mgbu. Nnyocha mbụ mere na-egosi na ị 1500ụ 1500 mg nke glucosamine sulfate kwa ụbọchị maka ụbọchị 28 anaghị belata ihe mgbu ikpere na ndị na-eme egwuregwu na-eso mmerụ ikpere. Mana ọ dị ka ọ na - eme ka mmegharị ikpere ka mma. Enwere ụfọdụ ihe akaebe oge mbụ na glucosamine hydrochloride nwere ike belata ihe mgbu maka ụfọdụ ndị nwere mgbu ikpere na-agakarị.
  • Ọrịa multiple sclerosis (MS). Nnyocha mbụ emere na-egosi na iji glucosamine sulfate n'ọnụ kwa ụbọchị maka ọnwa 6 nwere ike belata nlọghachi nke ọtụtụ sclerosis.
  • Mgbake mgbe ịwachara ahụ. Nnyocha mbụ emere na-egosi na ịmịkọrọ glycosamine sulfate adịghị akwalite ọrụ, mgbu, na arụmọrụ na ụmụ nwoke ndị na-eme egwuregwu ịwa ahụ iji dozie ACL dọwara adọwa. ACL bụ ụdọ nke na-ejide ikpere ya mgbe ọ na-emegharị ahụ.
  • Ọrịa ogbu ogbu na nkwonkwo (RA). Nnyocha ndị e mere na mbụ gosiri na ịmụrụ glucosamine hydrochloride nwere ike belata ihe mgbu mana ọ bụghị ọnụọgụ ma gbaa mgbu.
  • Ọkụ. Nnyocha emere na mbụ achọpụtala na ndị na-ewere glucosamine nwere ike ịnwe obere ihe egwu nke ịrịa ọrịa strok. Mana o doro anya ihe dose ma ọ bụ ụdị nke glucosamine nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ kacha mma. Mana o doro anya ma ọ bụrụ na nsogbu a dị ala sitere na glucosamine ma ọ bụ site na ndụ ibi ahụike ka mma.
  • Otu ìgwè ọnọdụ na-egbu mgbu nke na-emetụta nkwonkwo agba na akwara (nsogbu oge ma ọ bụ TMD). Nchọpụta oge mbụ ekwenyeghi na glucosamine sulfate na-ebelata ihe mgbu nke ndị mmadụ na-arịa ogbu na nkwonkwo nke nkwonkwo agba.
  • Skinka nká.
  • Azụ mgbu.
  • Ọrịa na-abụghị nke kansa na nnukwu eriri afọ na ikensi (colorectal adenoma).
  • Ọnwụ sitere n’ihe ọ bụla.
  • Nkwonkwo mgbu.
  • Ọrịa eriri afo na-egbu mgbu (Interstitial cystitis).
  • Ọrịa ọnya.
  • Ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ.
A choro ihe akaebe ozo iji nyochaa glucosamine sulfate maka ojiji ndi a.

Glucosamine bụ mmiri ọgwụ dị na ahụ mmadụ. Ahụ na-eji ya emepụta ọgwụ ndị ọzọ na-etinye aka na mkpịsị akwara, njikọta, cartilage, na nnukwu mmiri gbara gburugburu nkwonkwo.

A na-agbanye nkwonkwo site na mmiri na cartilage gbara ha gburugburu. N'ime ụfọdụ ndị nwere ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo, cartilage na-akụda ma na-adị gịrịgịrị. Nke a na - ebute esemokwu, mgbu, na isi ike. Ndị nchọpụta na-eche na ị supụ ihe mgbakwunye glucosamine nwere ike ime ka cartilage na mmiri dị gburugburu njikọta ma ọ bụ nyere aka gbochie mmebi nke ihe ndị a, ma ọ bụ ikekwe ha abụọ.

Mgbe e were ya n'ọnụ: Glucosamine sulfate bụ O yikarịrị ka ọ dị nchebe n'ọtụtụ ndị okenye. Glucosamine hydrochloride bụ Enwere ike nchekwa maka ọtụtụ ndị toro eto mgbe ewere ya n'ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị ruo afọ 2. N-acetyl glucosamine bụkwa Enwere ike nchekwa mgbe a na-ewere ya na 3-6 grams kwa ụbọchị. Glucosamine nwere ike ibute ụfọdụ mmetụta dị nro gụnyere ọgbụgbọ, ọnya obi, afọ ọsịsa, na afọ ntachi. Mmetụta ndị na-adịghị ahụkebe bụ ụra, mmeghachi omume anụ ahụ, na isi ọwụwa.

Mgbe etinyere ya na akpụkpọ: N-acetyl glucosamine bụ Enwere ike nchekwa mgbe ejiri ya mee ihe ruo izu iri.

Mgbe e nyere dị ka enema (rectally): N-acetyl glucosamine bụ Enwere ike nchekwa mgbe eji ya na doses nke 3-4 grams kwa ụbọchị.

Mgbe enyere dị ka ogbugba: Glucosamine sulfate bụ Enwere ike nchekwa mgbe a gbanye ya na mọzụlụ dị ka ogbugba ugboro abụọ kwa izu ruo izu isii.

Akpachapụ anya na ịdọ aka na ntị:

Ime ime ma ọ bụ inye ara ara: Enweghị ozi zuru ezu a pụrụ ịdabere na ya iji mara ma ọ bụrụ glucosamine sulfate, glucosamine hydrochloride, ma ọ bụ N-acetyl glucosamine dị mma iji mee ihe mgbe ọ dị ime ma ọ bụ na-enye nwa ara. Nọrọ na mma n'akụkụ ma zere ojiji.

Asthma: E nwere otu akụkọ na-ejikọ ọgụ ụkwara ume ọkụ na ịnara glucosamine. Amabeghị nke ọma ma ọ bụrụ na glucosamine kpatara ọgụ ụkwara ume ọkụ. Ruo mgbe a ga-amatacha ihe ndị ọzọ, ndị mmadụ nwere ụkwara ume ọkụ kwesịrị ịkpachara anya banyere ịmụrụ ngwaahịa nwere glucosamine.

Ọrịa shuga: Nchọpụta ụfọdụ emere na mbụ gosiri na glucosamine nwere ike ibulite shuga dị n'ọbara ndị nwere ọrịa shuga. Ma nchọpụta na-adịbeghị anya na nke a pụrụ ịdabere na ya ugbu a na-egosi na glucosamine adịghị ka ọ na-emetụta njikwa shuga ọbara na ndị nwere ụdị ọrịa shuga 2. Glucosamine yiri ka ọ dị mma maka ọtụtụ ndị nwere ọrịa shuga, mana ekwesịrị iji nlebara anya nyochaa ọbara shuga.

Ọrịa Glaucoma: Glucosamine nwere ike ịbawanye nrụgide n'ime anya ma nwee ike ịka njọ glaucoma. Ọ bụrụ na ị nwere glaucoma, gwa onye na-ahụ maka ahụike tupu iwere glucosamine.

Cholesterol dị elu: Somefọdụ nnyocha e mere na mbụ gosiri na glucosamine nwere ike ịbawanye ogo cholesterol. Mana nyocha ọhụụ na nke a pụrụ ịdabere na ya ugbu a na-egosi na glucosamine adịghị ka ọ na-eme ka ọkwa cholesterol mụbaa.

Ọbara mgbali elu: Somefọdụ nnyocha e mere na mbụ gosiri na glucosamine nwere ike ịbawanye ogo insulin. Ma nchọpụta na-adịbeghị anya ma bụrụ nke a pụrụ ịdabere na ya na-egosi na glucosamine adịghị eme ka ọbara mgbali elu. Iji nọrọ n'akụkụ nchebe, nyochaa ọbara mgbali gị nke ọma ma ọ bụrụ na ị were glucosamine sulfate ma nwee ọbara mgbali elu.

Shellfish nfụkasị: Enwere ụfọdụ nchegbu na ngwaahịa glucosamine nwere ike ibute mmeghachi omume nfụkasị na ndị na-eche azụ azụ azụ. A na-emepụta glucose site na shells nke oporo, lobster, na crabs. Anụ shellfish na-akpata mmeghachi ahụ nfụkasị ndị mmadụ na-enwe nfụkasị azịza azụ, ọ bụghị shei. Ma ụfọdụ ndị amalitela ịrịa ọrịa mgbe ha jiri ihe mgbakwunye glucosamine. O nwere ike ịbụ na akụkụ ụfọdụ nke anụ shellfish nwere ike imetọ ụfọdụ ngwaahịa glucosamine nke nwere ike ịkpata mmeghachi ahụ nfụkasị. Ọ bụrụ n’inwere ihe nfụkasị azụ azụ, kpọtụrụ onye na-eweta gị tupu i jiri glucosamine.

Isi
Ejila nchikota a.
Warfarin (Coumadin)
A na-eji Warfarin mee ka mkpụkọ ọbara kwụsịlata. Enwere ọtụtụ akụkọ na-egosi na ị gluụ glucosamine na ma ọ bụ na-enweghị chondroitin na-abawanye mmetụta nke warfarin, na-eme ka mkpụkọ ọbara dị nwayọ nwayọ. Nke a nwere ike ibute ọnya na ọbara ọgbụgba nke nwere ike ịdị njọ. Ejila glucosamine ma ọ bụrụ na ị na-ewere warfarin. Ọtụtụ ọgwụ ndị sitere n'okike nwere ike iji warfarin na-emekọrịta ihe.
Agafeghị oke
Kpachara anya na nchikota a.
Ọgwụ maka kansa (Topoisomerase II Inhibitors)
Fọdụ ọgwụ maka ọrịa kansa na-arụ ọrụ site na ibelata etu mkpụrụ ndụ kansa cancer ga-esi depụta onwe ha. Fọdụ ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na-eche na glucosamine nwere ike igbochi ọgwụ ndị a ka ha belata otú mkpụrụ ndụ tumo ngwa ngwa nwere ike isi copyomie onwe ha. Gluakingụ glucosamine yana ọgwụ ụfọdụ maka kansa nwere ike ibelata arụmọrụ nke ọgwụ ndị a.

Fọdụ ọgwụ eji agwọ ọrịa gụnyere etoposide (VP16, VePesid), teniposide (VM26), mitoxantrone, daunorubicin, na doxorubicin (Adriamycin).
Obere
Lezie anya na nchikota a.
Acetaminophen (Tylenol, ndị ọzọ)
Enwere ụfọdụ nchegbu na ịnwe glucosamine SULFATE na acetaminophen (Tylenol, ndị ọzọ) ọnụ nwere ike imetụta otu ọrụ ọ bụla si arụ ọrụ. Mana achọkwuru ozi iji mara ma mmekọrịta a ọ bụ oke nchegbu. Maka ugbu a, ọtụtụ ndị ọkachamara na-ekwu na ọ dị mma iji ma ọnụ.
Ọgwụ maka ọrịa shuga (ọgwụ ndị na-arịa ọrịa shuga)
Nnyocha ụfọdụ emere na mbụ gosiri na glucosamine nwere ike ibuli shuga dị n'ọbara ndị nwere ọrịa shuga. Ma nchọpụta na-adịbeghị anya na nke a pụrụ ịdabere na ya ugbu a na-egosi na glucosamine adịghị ka ọ na-emetụta njikwa shuga ọbara na ndị nwere ụdị ọrịa shuga 2. Ya mere, glucosamine nwere ike ọ gaghị egbochi ọgwụ ndị na-arịa ọrịa shuga.

Medicationsfọdụ ọgwụ eji agwọ ọrịa shuga gụnyere glimepiride (Amaryl), glyburide (DiaBeta, Glynase PresTab, Micronase), insulin, pioglitazone (Actos), rosiglitazone (Avandia), chlorpropamide (Diabinese), glipizide (Glucotrol), tolbutamide (ndị ọzọ) .
Chondroitin sulfate
Sulfnweta chondroitin sulfate yana glucosamine HYDROCHLORIDE nwere ike belata ọkwa ọbara nke glucosamine. Mana o doro anya ma ọ bụrụ na nke a ga-agbanwe mmetụta nke glucosamine hydrochloride.
Enweghi mmekorita ya na ihe oriri.
A na-amụ usoro ndị a na nyocha sayensị:

N'okwu:
  • Maka ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo: Glucosamine SULFATE 1500 mg otu ugboro kwa ụbọchị ma ọ bụ 500 mg ugboro atọ kwa ụbọchị, ma ọ bụ naanị ya ma ọ bụ yana 400 mg nke chondroitin sulfate ugboro abụọ ma ọ bụ ugboro atọ kwa ụbọchị, ejirila ruo afọ 3.
(3R, 4R, 5S, 6R) -3-Amino-6- (Hydroxymethyl) Oxane-2,4,5-Triol Hydrochloride, 2-Amino-2-Deoxy-Glucose, 2-Amino-2-Deoxy-Beta- Lee D-Glucopyranose, 2-Amino-2-Deoxy-D-Glucose Sulfate, Acetylglucosamine, Acétylglucosamine, GlcNAc, 3-Amino-6- (Hydroxymethyl) Oxane-2,4,5-Triol Sulfate, Amino Monosaccharide, Chitosamine delor Glucosamina, Chlorhydrate de Glucosamine, Chlorure de Potassium-Sulfate de Glucosamine, D-Glucosamine, D-Glucosamine HCl, D-Glucosamine Sulfate, D-Glucosamine Sulphate, G6S, Glucosamine HCl, Glucosamine KCl, Glucosamine N-Acetyl, Sulfate, Glucosamine Sulfate 2KCl, Glucosamine Sulfate-Potassium Chloride, Glucosamine Sulphate, Glucosamine Sulphate KCl, Glucosamine-6-Phosphate, GS, Mono-Sulfated Saccharide, N-Acetil Glucosamina, N-Acétyl Glucosamine, N-Acetty Acétylglucosamine, N-Acetyl D-Glucosamine, N-Acétyl D-Glucosamine, NAG, pGlcNAc, Poly-N-Acetyl Glucosamine, Poly-NAG, Poly- (1-> 3) -N-Acetyl-2-Amino-2- Onyebisi-3-O-Beta-D-Gl ucopyranurosyl-4- (ma ọ bụ 6-) Sul, p-GlcNAc, Saccharide Mono-Sulfaté, Saccharide Sulfaté, Sulfate de Glucosamine, Sulfate de Glucosamine 2KCl, SG, Mịda Monosaccharide, Sulfated Saccharide, Sulfato de Glucosamina. 2-Amino-2-Deoxy-D-Glucosehydrochloride, 2-Amino-2-Deoxy-Beta-D-Glucopyranose, 2-Amino-2-Deoxy-Beta-D-Glucopyranose Hydrochloride, Amino Monosaccharide, Chitosamine Hydrochloride, Chlorhidra de , Chlorhydrate de Glucosamine, D-Glucosamine HCl, D-Glucosamine Hydrochloride, Glucosamine, Glucosamine HCl, Glucosamine KCl, Glucosamine-6-Phosphate. 2-Acetamido-2-deoxyglucose, Glucosamine, Glucosamine-6-phosphate, Glucosamine N-Acetyl, N-Acetil Glucosamina, N-Acétyl Glucosamine, N-Acettyl-Glucosamine, N-Acétylglucosamine, N-Acetyl D-Glucos, Acétyl D-Glucosamine, NAG, NAG, pGlcNAc, Poly-N-Acetyl Glucosamine, Poly-NAG, p-GlcNAc.

Iji mụtakwuo banyere otú e si dee isiokwu a, biko lee Natural Medicines Comprehensive database usoro.


  1. King DE, Xiang J. Glucosamine / Chondroitin na Ọnwụ na US NHANES Cohort. J Am Board Fam Ahụike. Ọrịa. 2020; 33: 842-847. Lelee anya.
  2. Lee DH, Cao C, Zong X, et al. Ọgwụgwọ Ihe Glucosamine na Chondroitin Mgbakwunye na ihe egwu nke Colorectal Adenoma na Serrated Polyp. Ọrịa Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2020; 29: 2693-2701. Lelee anya.
  3. Kumar PNS, Sharma A, Andrade C. Onye ọkwọ ụgbọelu, nyocha nyocha nke arụmọrụ nke glucosamine maka ọgwụgwọ nke nnukwu ịda mbà n'obi. Asia J Isi Uche. 2020; 52: 102113. Lelee anya.
  4. Ma H, Li X, Zhou T, et al. Ọgwụ Glucosamine na-eji, mbufụt, na mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa, na nsogbu nke ụdị 2 na-arịa ọrịa shuga: a ga-achọ ịmụ na UK Biobank. Ọrịa shuga. 2020; 43: 719-25. Lelee anya.
  5. Bruyere O, Honvo G, Veronese N, et al. Nkwado algorithm emelitere maka njikwa nke osteoarthritis ikpere site na European Society for Clinical and Economic Akụkụ nke Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis, na Musculoskeletal Disease (ESCEO). Semin Ogbu na nkwonkwo Rheum. 2019 Dec; 49: 337-50. Lelee anya.
  6. Navarro SL, Levy L, Curtis KR, Lampe JW, Hullar MAJ. Mgbanwe nke Gut Microbiota site na Glucosamine na Chondroitin na Randomized, Double-Blind Pilot Trial in Human. Ormụ nje. 2019 Nov 23; 7. pii: E610. Lelee anya.
  7. Restaino NKE, Finamore R, Stellavato A, et al. European chondroitin sulfate na mgbakwunye nri glucosamine: Nyocha usoro na ọnụọgụ dị ukwuu ma e jiri ya tụnyere ọgwụ. Carbohydr Polym. 2019 Ọkt 15; 222: 114984. Lelee anya.
  8. Hoban C, Byard R, Musgrave I. Mmeghachi omume ọgwụ ọjọọ na-adịghị mma na glucosamine na nkwadebe chondroitin na Australia n'etiti 2000 na 2011. Postgrad Med J. 2019 Oct 9. pii: postgradmedj-2019-136957. Lelee anya.
  9. Kolasinski SL, Neogi T, Hochberg MC, et al. Nchịkọta 2019 American College of Rheumatology / Arthritis Foundation na-eduzi maka njikwa nke ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo nke aka, hip, na ikpere. Ogbu na nkwonkwo Rheumatol. 2020 Ọrịa; 72: 220-33. Lelee anya.
  10. Tsuruta A, Horiike T, Yoshimura M, Nagaoka I. Nyochaa mmetụta nke nchịkwa nke glucosamine nwere mgbakwunye na ndị biomarkers maka cartilage metabolism na ndị egwuregwu bọọlụ: A na-achịkwa ọmụmụ placebo abụọ na-enweghị isi. Mol Med Rep. 2018 Ọkt; 18: 3941-3948. Epub 2018 Aug 17. Lelee anya.
  11. Simental-Mendía M, Sánchez-García A, Vilchez-Cavazos F, Acosta-Olivo CA, Peña-Martínez VM, Simental-Mendía LE. Mmetụta nke glucosamine na chondroitin sulfate na ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo nke mgbaàmà: nyocha nyocha na meta-nyocha nke ule a na-achịkwa ebe a na-achịkwa. Rheumatol Int. 2018 Ọgọstị; 38: 1413-1428. Epub 2018 Jun 11. Nyochaa. Lelee anya.
  12. Gregori D, Giacovelli G, Minto C, et al. Association of Pharmacological Treatments with Long-Pain Pain in Patient with Knee Osteoarthritis: Ntụle nyocha na Meta-nyocha. JAMA. 2018 Dec 25; 320: 2564-2579. Lelee anya.
  13. Ogata T, Ideno Y, Akai M, et al. Mmetụta nke glucosamine na ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo nke ikpere: nyocha nhazi na meta-analysis. Ọrịa Rheumatol. 2018 Sep; 37: 2479-2487. Epub 2018 Apr 30. Lelee anya.
  14. Ma H, Li X, Sun D, ​​et al. Bọchị Association nke iji glucosamine eji eme ihe nwere ike ibute oria obi: ichoro omumu na UK Biobank. BMJ. 2019 Mee 14; 365: l1628. Lelee anya.
  15. de Vos BC, Landsmeer MLA, van Middelkoop M, et al. Mmetụta ogologo oge nke itinye aka na ndụ yana glucosamine sulphate na nlekọta mbụ na ikpere ụkwụ OA na ụmụ nwanyị buru oke ibu. Ọrịa mmiri (Oxford). Ọrịa. 2017; 56: 1326-1334. Lelee anya.
  16. Tsuji T, Yoon J, Kitano N, Okura T, Tanaka K. Mmetụta nke N-acetyl glucosamine na mgbakwunye chondroitin sulfate na mgbu ikpere na ọrụ ikpere onwe onye na-akọ na ndị okenye Japan na ndị toro eto: ikpe ikpe ebebo. Agka nká Clin Exp Res. 2016; 28: 197-205. Lelee anya.
  17. Runhaar J, Deroisy R, van Middelkoop M, et al. Ọrụ nke nri na mmega ahụ na nke glucosamine sulfate na mgbochi nke osteoarthritis ikpere: Nsonaazụ ndị ọzọ sitere na Mbelata ikpere Osteoarthritis na ụmụ nwanyị na-ebu ibu (PROOF). Semin Ogbu na nkwonkwo Rheum. 2016; 45 (4 Suppl): S42-8. Lelee anya.
  18. Roman-Blas JA, Castañeda S, Sánchez-Pernaute O, et al. Ndị ọzọ Ọgwụgwọ ejikọtara ọnụ na Chondroitin Sulfate na Glucosamine Sulfate na-egosighi Nnukwu ihe karịrị placebo maka Mbelata nke Mgbu Na-adịghị Arụ Ọrụ na Ndị Na-adịghị Arụ Ọrụ na Ndị Ọrịa Na Ahụhụ Osteoarthritis: Multicenter Ọnwa isii, Randomized, Double-Blind, placebo-Control Clinical Trial. Ogbu na nkwonkwo Rheumatol. Ọrịa. 2017; 69: 77-85. Lelee anya.
  19. Kongtharvonskul J, Anothaisintawee T, McEvoy M, Attia J, Woratanarat P, Thakkinstian A. Nrụ ọrụ na nchekwa nke glucosamine, diacerein, na NSAIDs na ikpere ogbu na nkwonkwo: nyocha nyocha na ntanetị meta. Eur J Ahụike. 2015; 20: 24. Lelee anya.
  20. Kanzaki N, Ono Y, Shibata H, Moritani T. Glucosamine nwere ihe mgbakwunye na-eme ka ọrụ locomotor dịkwuo mma na isiokwu ndị nwere mgbu ikpere: nchọpụta a na-achịkwa n'ọchịchị, nke nwere isi abụọ. Interlọ Ọgwụ Interv. 2015; 10: 1743-53. Lelee anya.
  21. Gueniche A, Castiel-Higounenc I. Nrụpụta ọrụ nke Glucosamine Sulphate na Skin Aging: Nsonaazụ sitere na vivkpụrụ Na-egbochi Aging na nke ochie na Ọnwụnwa Ahụike. Skin Pharmacol Physiol. Ọrịa. 2017; 30: 36-41. Lelee anya.
  22. Eraslan A, Ulkar B. Glucosamine supplementation mgbe a nwụsịrị nkwonkwo nkwonkwo ndị na-eme egwuregwu: ikpe a na-achịkwa ebebo. Res Egwuregwu Ahụike. 2015; 23: 14-26. Lelee anya.
  23. Esfandiari H, Pakravan M, Zakeri Z, et al. Mmetụta nke glucosamine na nrụgide intraocular: usoro ikpe ụlọ ọgwụ na-enweghị usoro. Anya. Ọrịa. 2017; 31: 389-394.
  24. Murphy RK, Jaccoma EH, Rice RD, Ketzler L. Glucosamine dị ka ihe nwere ike ibute nsogbu Glaucoma. Tinye ego Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2009; 50: 5850.
  25. Eriksen P, Bartels EM, Altman RD, Bliddal H, Juhl C, Christensen R. Ihe ize ndụ nke enweghị isi na akara kọwaa enweghị nkwekọ na ọnwụnwa na glucosamine maka enyemaka mgbaàmà nke osteoarthritis: nyocha-meta nke ule a na-achịkwa ebe a. Ọrịa Ogbu na nkwonkwo (Hoboken). 2014; 66: 1844-55. Lelee anya.
  26. Singh JA, Noorbaloochi S, MacDonald R, Maxwell LJ. Chondroitin maka ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Jenụwarị 28; 1: CD005614. Lelee anya.
  27. Bruyère O, Cooper C, Pelletier JP, et al. Nkwupụta nkwenye na European Society for Clinical and Economic Akụkụ nke Osteoporosis na Osteoarthritis (ESCEO) algorithm maka njikwa nke osteoarthritis ikpere-Site na ọgwụ na-egosi na ọgwụ na ọnọdụ ndụ n'ezie. Semin Ogbu na nkwonkwo Rheum. 2016; 45 (4 Suppl): S3-11. Lelee anya.
  28. Kimball AB, Kaczvinsky JR, Li J, et al. Mbelata na ọdịdị nke hyperpigmentation nke ihu mgbe ejiri moisturizers na ngwakọta nke niacinamide na N-acetyl glucosamine: nsonaazụ nke usoro ikpebi, nke kpuru ìsì abụọ, nke a na-achịkwa ụgbọ. Br J Dermatol 2010; 162: 435-41. Lelee anya.
  29. Madhu K, Chanda K, Saji MJ. Nchebe na nrụpụta nke Curcuma longa wepụ na ọgwụgwọ nke ikpere na-egbu mgbu osteoarthritis: ikpe a na-achịkwa ebebo. Inflammopharmacology 2013; 21: 129-36. Lelee anya.
  30. Vetter G. [Nlekọta ọgwụgwọ nke ogbu na nkwonkwo na glucosamines (Dona 200)]. Munch Med Wochenschr 1969; 111: 1499-502. Lelee anya.
  31. Setnikar I, Giacchetti C, Zanolo G. Pharmacokinetics nke glucosamine na nkịta na n'ime mmadụ. Nkọwapụta nke Arzneimittelforschung 1986; 36: 729-35. Lelee anya.
  32. Basak M, Joseph S, Joshi S, Sawant S. Na-atụnyere bioavailability nke a akwụkwọ oge tọhapụ na ntụ ntụ-jupụta glucosamine sulfate usoro - a multi-dose, randomized, crossover ọmụmụ. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 2004; 42: 597-601. Lelee anya.
  33. Phitak T, Pothacharoen P, Kongtawelert P. Nkọwa nke nsonaazụ glucose na-emebi cartilage. Ahụhụ Musculoskelet BMC 2010; 11: 162. Lelee anya.
  34. Setnikar I, Cereda R, Pacini MA, Revel L. Njirimara ndị na-adịghị mma nke glucosamine sulfate. Nkọwa Arzneimittelforschung 1991; 41: 157-61. Lelee anya.
  35. Sumantran VN, Chandwaskar R, Joshi AK, Boddul S, Patwardhan B, Chopra A, Wagh UV. Mmekọrịta dị n'etiti mmetụta chondroprotective na antiinflammatory nke Withania somnifera mgbọrọgwụ na glucosamine sulphate na cartilage mmadụ nke osteoarthritic in vitro. Phytother Res 2008; 22: 1342-8. Lelee anya.
  36. Setnikar I, Pacini MA, Revel L. Antiarthritic utịp nke glucosamine sulfate mụtara na ụdị anụmanụ. Nkọwa Arzneimittelforschung 1991; 41: 542-5. Lelee anya.
  37. Bassleer C, Henrotin Y, Franchimont P. In-vitro nyocha nke ọgwụ emepụtara dị ka ndị ọrụ chondroprotective. Mmetụta Na-eme Int J 1992; 14: 231-41. Lelee anya.
  38. Calamia V, Ruiz-Romero C, Rocha B, Fernández-Puente P, Mateos J, Montell E, Vergés J, Blanco FJ. Nnyocha ọgwụ nke pharmacoproteomic banyere mmetụta nke chondroitin na glucosamine sulfate na ụmụ mmadụ chondrocytes. Ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo Ther 2010; 12: R138. Lelee anya.
  39. Graeser AC, Giller K, Wiegand H, Barella L, Boesch Saadatmandi C, Rimbach G. Synergistic chondroprotective mmetụta nke alpha-tocopherol, ascorbic acid, na selenium yana glucosamine na chondroitin na oxidant butere ọnwụ cell na mgbochi nke matriks metalloproteinase-3 - ihe omumu na chondrocytes. Molekul. Ọrịa. 2009; 15: 27-39. Lelee anya.
  40. Murphy RK, Ketzler L, Rice RD, Johnson SM, Doss MS, Jaccoma EH. Ihe mgbakwunye nke glucosamine dị ka ihe nwere ike ibute ọrịa hypertensive. JAMA Ophthalmol 2013; 131: 955-7. Lelee anya.
  41. Swinburne LM. Glucosamine sulphate na ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo. Ihe ngosi 2001; 357: 1617. Lelee anya.
  42. Akarasereenont P, Chatsiricharoenkul S, Pongnarin P, Sathirakul K, Kongpatanakul S. Bioequivalence ọmụmụ nke 500 mg glucosamine sulfate na Thai ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo dị mma. J Med Assoc Thai 2009; 92: 1234-9. Lelee anya.
  43. Chopra A, Saluja M, Tillu G, Venugopalan A, Sarmukaddam S, Raut AK, Bichile L, Narsimulu G, Handa R, Patwardhan B. A Randomized Controlled Nyocha Nyocha nke Randkpụrụ Ayurvedic Kwesịrị Ekwesị na Symptomatic Osteoarthritis Knees: Gọọmentị nke India NMITLI Project . Ihe Mgbakwunye Na-egosi Dabere na Med 2011; 2011: 724291. Lelee anya.
  44. Wangroongsub Y, Tanavalee A, Wilairatana V, Ngarmukos S. Nsonaazụ nrịba anya dị n'etiti glucosamine sulfate-potassium chloride na glucosamine sulfate sodium chloride na ndị ọrịa nwere ikpere osteoarthritis dị nwayọọ ma na-adịchaghị mma: nchọpụta a na-ahụ anya, abụọ. J Med Assoc Thai 2010; 93: 805-11. Lelee anya.
  45. Smidt D, Torpet LA, Nauntofte B, Heegaard KM, Pedersen AM. Mkpakọrịta dị n'etiti labial na ọnụego mmiri niile, usoro ọgwụgwọ na ọgwụ na ihe atụ nke ndị agadi. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2010; 38: 422-35. Lelee anya.
  46. Simon RR, Akara V, Leeds AR, Anderson JW. Nyocha zuru ezu nke iji glucosamine ọnụ na-eme ihe na mmetụta dị na glucose metabolism na ndị nkịtị na ndị ọrịa mamịrị. Ọrịa shuga Metab Res Rev 2011; 27: 14-27. Lelee anya.
  47. Wilkens, P., Scheel, I. B., Grundnes, O., Hellum, C., na Storheim, K. Mmetụta nke glucosamine na nkwarụ metụtara ọrịa na ndị ọrịa nwere obere mgbu na-adịghị ala ala na degenerative lumbar osteoarthritis: ikpe a na-achịkwa n'ọchịchị. JAMA 2010; 304: 45-52. Lelee anya.
  48. Greenlee H, Crew KD, Shao T, Kranwinkel G, Kalinsky K, Maurer M, Brafman L, Insel B, Tsai WY, Hershman DL. Nnyocha nke oge II nke glucosamine na chondroitin na aromatase inhibitor-metụtara mgbaàmà njikọta na ụmụ nwanyị nwere ọrịa ara ara. Ọrịa Na-akwado Ọrịa 2013; 21: 1077-87. Lelee anya.
  49. Nieman DC, Shanely RA, Luo B, Dew D, Meaney MP, Sha W. Ihe mgbakwunye na-ere ahịa na-ebelata ihe mgbu nkwonkwo na ndị okenye obodo: mmadụ abụọ kpuru ìsì, ikpe ikpe obodo a na-achịkwa. Nutr J 2013; 12: 154. Lelee anya.
  50. Fransen M, Agaliotis M, Nairn L, Votrubec M, Bridgett L, Su S, Jan S, March L, Edmonds J, Norton R, Woodward M, Rbọchị R; LEGS na-amụkọ ihe ọnụ. Glucosamine na chondroitin maka ikpere ogbu na nkwonkwo: okpukpu abụọ a na-ahụ maka ebe a na-achịkwa ebe a na-achịkwa ebe a na-enyocha otu usoro. Ann Rheum Dis 2015; 74: 851-8. Lelee anya.
  51. Chopra A, Saluja M, Tillu G, Sarmukkaddam S, Venugopalan A, Narsimulu G, Handa R, Sumantran V, Raut A, Bichile L, Joshi K, Patwardhan B. Ayurvedic na-enye ezigbo ihe ọzọ na glucosamine na celecoxib na ọgwụgwọ nke ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo nke ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo: nke a na-ahụ anya, nke kpuru ìsì, nke a na-achịkwa nke a na-achịkwa. Ọrịa Rheumatology (Oxford) 2013; 52: 1408-17. Lelee anya.
  52. Levin RM, Krieger NN, na Winzler RJ. Glucosamine na acetylglucosamine ndidi na mmadu. Lablọ nyocha Ọgwụ Med 1961; 58: 927-932.
  53. Wu H, Liu M, Wang S, Zhao H, Yao W, Feng W, Yan M, Tang Y, Wei M. Nkọwa ngwa ngwa bioavailability na pharmacokinetic Njirimara nke 2 formulations nke glucosamine hydrochloride na ike Chinese okenye nwoke afọ ofufo. Arzneimittelforschung. 2012 Aug; 62: 367-71. Lelee anya.
  54. Liang CM, Tai MC, Chang YH, Chen YH, Chen CL, Chien MW, Chen JT. Glucosamine na-egbochi epidermal uto ihe na-akpata ụba na sel na-agagharị na mkpụrụ ndụ epithelial piginal retinal. Mol Vis 2010; 16: 2559-71. Lelee anya.
  55. Yomogida S, Hua J, Sakamoto K, Nagaoka I. Glucosamine na-egbochi mmepụta interleukin-8 na okwu ICAM-1 site na mkpụrụ ndụ TNF-alpha na-akpali mkpụrụ ndụ mmadụ HT-29. Int J Mol Ahụhụ 2008; 22: 205-11. Lelee anya.
  56. Kim CH, Cheong KA, Ogige CD, Lee AY. Glucosamine mere ka ọnya atopic dermatitis dị ka ọnya NC / Nga site na igbochi mmepe Th2 cell. Scand J Immunol 2011; 73: 536-45. Lelee anya.
  57. Ju Y, Hua J, Sakamoto K, Ogawa H, Nagaoka I. Glucosamine, amino monosaccharide nke na-emekarị na-agbanwe LL-37 nke na-eme ka mkpụrụ ndụ endothelial na-arụ ọrụ. Int J Mol Ahụhụ 2008; 22: 657-62. Lelee anya.
  58. Qiu W, Su Q, Rutledge AC, Zhang J, Adeli K. Glucosamine nke na-eme ka nrụgide endoplasmic na-eme ka nrụgide B100 apolipoprotein bụrụ nke na-egosi site na akara ngosi PERK. J Igwe Lipid 2009; 50: 1814-23. Lelee anya.
  59. Ju Y, Hua J, Sakamoto K, Ogawa H, Nagaoka I. Mgbanwe nke ntinye aka nke endothelial nke TNF-alpha site na glucosamine, amino monosaccharide na-emekarị. Int J Mol Ahụhụ 2008; 22: 809-15. Lelee anya.
  60. Mmetụta MZ, Martinac B, Samiric T, Handley CJ. Mmetụta nke glucosamine na ọnwụ proteoglycan site na tendon, ligament na nkwonkwo capsule na-akọwa ọdịbendị. Ọkpụkpụ Osteoarthritis 2008; 16: 1501-8. Lelee anya.
  61. Toegel S, Wu SQ, Piana C, Unger FM, Wirth M, Goldring MB, Gabor F, Viernstein H. Nkọwa n'etiti mmetụta chondroprotective nke glucosamine, curcumin, na diacerein na IL-1beta-kpaliri C-28 / I2 chondrocytes. Ọkpụkpụ Osteoarthritis 2008; 16: 1205-12. Lelee anya.
  62. Lin YC, Liang YC, Sheu MT, Lin YC, Hsieh MS, Chen TF, Chen Kra. Mmetụta Chondroprotective nke glucosamine metụtara p38 MAPK na ụzọ mgbaàmà Akt. Rheumatol Int 2008; 28: 1009-16. Lelee anya.
  63. Scotto d'Abusco A, Politi L, Giordano C, Scandurra R. Ihe nrụpụta peptidyl-glucosamine na-emetụta ọrụ IKKalpha kinase na chondrocytes mmadụ. Ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo Ther 2010; 12: R18. Lelee anya.
  64. Shikhman AR, Brinson DC, Valbracht J, Lotz MK. Mmetụta metabolic dị iche nke glucosamine na N-acetylglucosamine na ụmụ mmadụ chondrocytes. Ọkpụkpụ Osteoarthritis 2009; 17: 1022-8. Lelee anya.
  65. Uitterlinden EJ, Koevoet JL, Verkoelen CF, Bierma-Zeinstra SM, Jahr H, Weinans H, Verhaar JA, van Osch GJ. Glucosamine na-eme ka mmepụta hyaluronic acid dị na nkọwa osteoarthritic synovium mmadụ. Ahụhụ Musculoskelet BMC 2008; 9: 120. Lelee anya.
  66. Hong H, Park YK, Choi MS, Ryu NH, Abụ DK, Suh SI, Nam KY, Park GY, Jang BC. Usoro dị iche iche nke COX-2 na MMP-13 na fibroblasts anụ ahụ mmadụ site na glucosamine-hydrochloride. Nyocha. J Dermatol Sci 2009; 56: 43-50. Lelee anya.
  67. Wu YL, Kou YR, Ou HL, Chien HY, Chuang KH, Liu HH, Lee TS, Tsai CY, Lu ML. Usoro Glucosamine nke mbufụt nke LPS na mkpụrụ ndụ epithelial nke bronchial. Eur J Pharmacol 2010; 635 (1-3): 219-26. Lelee anya.
  68. Imagawa K, de Andrés MC, Hashimoto K, Pitt D, Itoi E, Goldring MB, Roach HI, Oreffo RO. Mmetụta epigenetic nke glucosamine na onye na-akpata nuklia-kappa B (NF-kB) nke bụ isi mmadụ chondrocytes - ihe gbasara osteoarthritis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 405: 362-7. Lelee anya.
  69. Yomogida S, Kojima Y, Tsutsumi-Ishii Y, Hua J, Sakamoto K, Nagaoka I. Glucosamine, amino monosaccharide na-emekarị, na-egbochi dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis na oke. Int J Mol Ahụhụ 2008; 22: 317-23. Lelee anya.
  70. Sakai S, Sugawara T, Kishi T, Yanagimoto K, Hirata T. Mmetụta nke glucosamine na ogige ndị yiri ya na degranulation nke mkpụrụ ndụ mast na ntị ntị nke dinitrofluorobenzene na ụmụ oke. Ndụ Sci 2010; 86 (9-10): 337-43. Lelee anya.
  71. Hwang MS, Baek WK. Glucosamine na-ebute ọnwụ cell autophagic site na mkpali nke nrụgide ER na mkpụrụ ndụ cancer glioma mmadụ. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 399: 111-6. Lelee anya.
  72. Ogige JY, Park JW, Suh SI, Baek WK. D-glucosamine na-achịkwa HIF-1alpha site na mgbochi nsụgharị protein na DU145 mkpụrụ ndụ kansa prostate. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 382: 96-101. Lelee anya.
  73. Chesnokov V, Sun C, Itakura K. Glucosamine na-egbochi mmụba nke carcinoma prostate mmadụ DU145 site na igbochi akara ngosi STAT3. Ọrịa Cancer Int 2009; 9:25. Lelee anya.
  74. Tsai CY, Lee TS, Kou YR, Wu YL. Glucosamine na-egbochi imepụta IL-1beta nke gbasara mgbasa ozi IL-8 na mkpụrụ ndụ kansa prostate site na nkwenye MAPK. Nyocha. J Cell Biochem 2009; 108: 489-98. Lelee anya.
  75. Kim DS, Park KS, Jeong KC, Lee BI, Lee CH, Kim SY. Glucosamine bụ irè chemo-sensitizer site na transglutaminase 2 mgbochi. Ọrịa Cancer 2009; 273: 243-9. Lelee anya.
  76. Naito K, Watari T, Furuhata A, Yomogida S, Sakamoto K, Kurosawa H, Kaneko K, Nagaoka I. Nyocha nke mmetụta nke glucosamine na ụdị ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo nke oke. Ndụ Sci 2010; 86 (13-14): 538-43. Lelee anya.
  77. Weiden S na Wood IJ. Ọdịnihu nke glucosamine hydrochloride na-agbanye n'ime mmadụ. J Ọrịa Pathol 1958; 11: 343-349.
  78. Satia JA, Littman A, Slatore CG, Galanko JA, White E. Mkpakọrịta nke ọgwụ na ahịhịa na ọkachamara pụrụ iche na ngụgụ na ọrịa cancer na-egbu egbu na ọmụmụ VITamins na Ndụ. Ọrịa Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2009; 18: 1419-28. Lelee anya.
  79. Audimoolam VK, Bhandari S. Nnukwu nkwonkwo nephritis mejupụtara nke glucosamine. Ntughari nke Nephrol 2006; 21: 2031. Lelee anya.
  80. Ossendza RA, Grandval P, Chinoune F, Rocher F, Chapel F, Bernardini D. [Nnukwu ịba ọcha n'anya cholestatic n'ihi glucosamine forte]. Ọrịa Gastroenterol Clin Biol. 2007 Gị onwe gị; 31: 449-50. Lelee anya.
  81. Wu D, Huang Y, Gu Y, Fan W. Efficacies nke njikere dị iche iche nke glucosamine maka ọgwụgwọ nke ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo: nyocha-meta nke ọnwụnwa abụọ, ụzọ abụọ, ebe a na-achịkwa ebebo. Nyocha Int J 2013; 67: 585-94. Lelee anya.
  82. Provenza JR, Shinjo SK, Silva JM, Peron CR, Rocha FA. Jikọtara glucosamine na chondroitin sulfate, otu ugboro ma ọ bụ ugboro atọ kwa ụbọchị, na-enye analgesia dị mkpa na-emetụta ahụike na ikpere osteoarthritis. Clin Rheumatol 2015; 34: 1455-62. Lee anya.
  83. Kwoh CK, Roemer FW, Hannon MJ, Moore CE, Jakicic JM, Guermazi A, Green SM, Evans RW, Boudreau R. Mmetụta nke glucosamine ọnụ na nkwonkwo nkwonkwo na ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu nwere mgbu ikpere na-adịghị ala ala: usoro ikpe ụlọ ọgwụ na-achịkwa. Ogbu na nkwonkwo Rheumatol. 2014 Gị onwe gị; 66: 930-9. Lelee anya.
  84. von Felden J, Montani M, Kessebohm K, Stickel F. Ọrịa na-ebute nnukwu mmerụ imeju na-eickingomi ịba ọcha n'anya autoimmune mgbe ọ rụsịrị ihe mgbakwunye nri ndị nwere glucosamine na chondroitin sulfate. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 2013; 51: 219-23. Lelee anya.
  85. Hochberg MC, Martel-Pelletier J, Monfort J, Möller I, Castillo JR, Arden N, Berenbaum F, Blanco FJ, Conaghan PG, Doménech G, Henrotin Y, Pap T, Richette P, Sawitzke A, du Souich P, Pelletier JP ; n'aha ndị ọrụ nyocha MOVES. Jikọtara chondroitin sulfate na glucosamine maka ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo nke ogbu na nkwonkwo: ọtụtụ, nke a na-ahụkarị, nke nwere ụzọ abụọ, nke na-esighi ike na nke celecoxib. Ann Rheum Dis 2016; 75: 37-44. Lelee anya.
  86. Cerda C, Bruguera M, Parés A. Hepatotoxicity metụtara na glucosamine na chondroitin sulfate na ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa imeju na-adịghị ala ala. Jwa J Gastroenterol 2013; 19: 5381-4. Lelee anya.
  87. Fox BA, Stephens MM. Glucosamine hydrochloride maka ọgwụgwọ nke ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo. Ọrịa na-eme agadi 2007; 2: 599-604. Lelee anya.
  88. Vlad, S. C., LaValley, M. P., McAlindon, T. E., na Felson, D. T. Glucosamine maka mgbu na osteoarthritis: gịnị kpatara nsonaazụ ikpe ji dị iche? Ọrịa ogbu ogbu na nkwonkwo 2007; 56: 2267-2277. Lelee anya.
  89. Reginster, J. Y. Mmetụta nke glucosamine sulfate na osteoarthritis: esemokwu ego na enweghị ego. Ọrịa ogbu ogbu na nkwonkwo 2007; 56: 2105-2110. Lelee anya.
  90. Frestedt, J. L., Walsh, M., Kuskowski, M. A., na Zenk, J. L. Ihe mgbakwunye nke ịnweta na-enye ahụ efe site na mgbaàmà osteoarthritis ikpere: a na-achịkwa usoro ọkwọ ụgbọ mmiri. Nutr J 2008; 7: 9. Lelee anya.
  91. Yue, J., Yang, M., Yi, S., Dong, B., Li, W., Yang, Z., Lu, J., Zhang, R., na Yong, J. Chondroitin sulfate na / ma ọ bụ glucosamine hydrochloride maka ọrịa Kashin-Beck: nchịkọta ụyọkọ, nke a na-achịkwa ebebo. Ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo. Ọrịa. 2012; 20: 622-629. Lelee anya.
  92. Kanzaki, N., Saito, K., Maeda, A., Kitagawa, Y., Kiso, Y., Watanabe, K., Tomonaga, A., Nagaoka, I., na Yamaguchi, H. Mmetụta nke mgbakwunye nri nwere glucosamine hydrochloride, chondroitin sulfate na quercetin glycosides na ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo nke osteoarthritis: usoro a na-ahụ anya, nke nwere isi abụọ, nke na-achịkwa ebebo. J.Sci. nri nri. 3-15-2012; 92: 862-869. Lelee anya.
  93. Wandel, S., Juni, P., Tendal, B., Nuesch, E., Villiger, PM, Welton, NJ, Reichenbach, S., na Trelle, S. Mmetụta nke glucosamine, chondroitin, ma ọ bụ placebo na ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo nke hip ma ọ bụ ikpere: nchịkọta meta. BMJ 2010; 341: c4675. Lelee anya.
  94. Sawitzke, AD, Shi, H., Finco, MF, Dunlop, DD, Harris, CL, Onye ọbụ abụ, NG, Bradley, JD, Silver, D., Jackson, CG, Lane, NE, Oddis, CV, Wolfe, F. , Lisse, J., Furst, DE, Bingham, CO, Reda, DJ, Moskowitz, RW, Williams, HJ, na Clegg, DO Nlekọta ahụike na nchekwa nke glucosamine, chondroitin sulphate, nchikota ha, celecoxib ma ọ bụ placebo weere iji gwọọ ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo nke ikpere: 2 afọ-arụpụtara site na GAIT. Ann.Rheum.Dis. Ọrịa. 2010; 69: 1459-1464. Lelee anya.
  95. Jackson, CG, Plaas, AH, Sandy, JD, Hua, C., Kim-Rolands, S., Barnhill, JG, Harris, CL, na Clegg, DO Ihe ndi mmadu na-eme ka ndi mmadu na-acho onu ogwu nke glucosamine na chondroitin sulfate ewere iche iche na Nchikota. Ọkpụkpụ Osteoarthritis 2010; 18: 297-302. Lelee anya.
  96. Lee, Y. H., Woo, J. H., Choi, S.J, Ji, J. D., na Song, G. G. Mmetụta nke glucosamine ma ọ bụ chondroitin sulfate na osteoarthritis na-aga n'ihu: meta-analysis. Rheumatol Int 2010; 30: 357-363. Lelee anya.
  97. Theoharides, T. C., Kempuraj, D., Vakali, S., na Sant, G. R. Ọgwụgwọ nke interstitial intystitial cystitis / eriri afọ na-egbu mgbu na CystoProtek - ọnụ na-eme ọtụtụ ihe na-edozi ahụ. Nwere ike J Urol 2008; 15: 4410-4414. Lelee anya.
  98. Dudics, V., Kunstar, A., Kovacs, J., Lakatos, T., Geher, P., Gomor, B., Monostori, E., na Uher, F. Chondrogenic nwere nke mkpụrụ ndụ mkpụrụ ndụ mesenchymal sitere na ndị ọrịa nwere rheumatoid ogbu na nkwonkwo na ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo: nha na usoro microculture. Mkpụrụ ndụ sel. 2009; 189: 307-316. Lelee anya.
  99. Cahlin, B. J. na Dahlstrom, L. Enweghị mmetụta nke glucosamine sulfate na ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo na nkwonkwo nkwonkwo oge - usoro ọmụmụ, nke a na-achịkwa, nke dị mkpụmkpụ. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2011; 112: 760-766. Lelee anya.
  100. Shaygannejad, V., Janghorbani, M., Savoj, M. R., na Ashtari, F. Mmetụta nke mgbakwunye glucosamine sulfate na nlọghachi-na-enyefe ọtụtụ sclerosis na-aga n'ihu: nchoputa nke mbu nke ikpe a na-achịkwa, ebe a na-achịkwa ebe. Neurol Res 2010; 32: 981-985. Lelee anya.
  101. Ostojic, S. M., Arsic, M., Prodanovic, S., Vukovic, J., na Zlatanovic, M. Glucosamine nchịkwa na ndị na-eme egwuregwu: mmetụta na mgbake nke nnukwu mmerụ ikpere. Egwuregwu Egwuregwu Ahụ. 2007; 15: 113-124. Lelee anya.
  102. Rozendaal, RM, Uitterlinden, EJ, van Osch, GJ, Garling, EH, Willemsen, SP, Ginai, AZ, Verhaar, JA, Weinans, H., Koes, BW, na Bierma-Zeinstra, SM Mmetụta nke glucosamine sulphate na nkwonkwo oghere oghere, ihe mgbu na ịrụ ọrụ na ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo hip; subgroup nyocha nke usoro a na-achịkwa aghara aghara. Okpukpo Osteoarthritis 2009; 17: 427-432. Lelee anya.
  103. Marti-Bonmati, L., Sanz-Requena, R., Rodrigo, JL, Alberich-Bayarri, A., na Carot, J. M. Glucosamine sulfate na-emetụta cartilage rụrụ arụ: nchọpụta mbụ site na ịme ihe ngosi magnetik na-emepụta ọgwụ. Eur Radiol 2009; 19: 1512-1518. Lelee anya.
  104. Rovati LC, Giacovelli G, Annefeld N, na et al. Nnukwu, nke enweghị usoro, nke a na-achịkwa ebebo, nyocha ihu abụọ nke glucosamine sulfate vs piroxocam na mkpakọrịta ha na kinetics nke mmetụta mgbaàmà na ikpere osteoarthritis. Osteoarth Cartilage 1994; 2 (bunye 1): 56.
  105. Nandhakumar J. Nrụ ọrụ, ndidi, na nchekwa nke ọtụtụ mgbochi antiinflammatory na glucosamine hydrochloride vs glucosamine sulfate na NSAID na ọgwụgwọ nke ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo ikpere-nke a na-ahụkarị, nke a ga-achọ, onye isi abụọ, nke na-atụnyere. Mmekọrịta Ahụike J J 2009; 8: 32-38.
  106. Muller-Fassbender, H., Bach, G. L., Haase, W., Rovati, LC, na Setnikar, I. Glucosamine sulfate ma e jiri ya tụnyere ibuprofen na ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo nke ikpere. Ọrịa Osteoarthritis Cartilage 1994; 2: 61-69. Lelee anya.
  107. Towheed, T. E. na Anastassiades, P. P. Glucosamine ọgwụ maka ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo. Nyocha. J Rheumatol 1999; 26: 2294-2297. Lelee anya.
  108. Zhang, W., Nuki, G., Moskowitz, RW, Abramson, S., Altman, RD, Arden, NK, Bierma-Zeinstra, S., Brandt, KD, Croft, P., Doherty, M., Dougados, M., Hochberg, M., Hunter, DJ, Kwoh, K., Lohmander, LS, na Tugwell, P. OARSI kwadoro maka njikwa hip na ikpere ogbu na nkwonkwo: akụkụ nke atọ: Ngbanwe na ihe akaebe na-esote mmelite nchịkọta nke nyocha emere. site na Jenụwarị 2009. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2010; 18: 476-499. Lelee anya.
  109. Petersen, SG, Beyer, N., Hansen, M., Holm, L., Aagaard, P., Mackey, AL, na Kjaer, M. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory ọgwụ ma ọ bụ glucosamine belata ihe mgbu ma melite ike ahụ ike na ọzụzụ iguzogide a na-achịkwa usoro ikpebi nke ikpere osteoarthritis ikpere. Nchọpụta ọgwụ ahụike 2011; 92: 1185-1193. Lelee anya.
  110. Noack, W., Fischer, M., Forster, K. K., Rovati, LC, na Setnikar, I. Glucosamine sulfate na ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo nke ikpere. Ọrịa Osteoarthritis Cartilage 1994; 2: 51-59. Lelee anya.
  111. Giordano N, Fioravanti A, Papakostas P, et al. Therụ ọrụ na ndidi nke glucosamine sulfate na ọgwụgwọ nke ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo ikpere ụkwụ: nke a na-ahụkarị, nke nwere isi abụọ, nke a na-achịkwa ebebo. Curr Ther Res Clin Exp 2009; 70: 185-196. Lelee anya.
  112. Yamamoto, T., Kukuminato, Y., Nui, I., Takada, R., Hirao, M., Kamimura, M., Saitou, H., Asakura, K., na Kataura, A. [Mmekọrịta n'etiti birch pollen nke ahu anataghi na onu na pharyngeal hypersensitivity ka mkpụrụ]. Nippon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho 1995; 98: 1086-1091. Lelee anya.
  113. Kawasaki T, Kurosawa H, Ikeda H, et al. Mmetụta mgbakwunye nke glucosamine ma ọ bụ risedronate maka ọgwụgwọ nke ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo nke ikpere jikọtara ya na mmega ụlọ: a ga-enwe usoro ikpe 18 ọnwa. J Ejiri Obere Mgbu 2008; 26: 279-87. Lelee anya.
  114. Nelson BA, Robinson KA, Buse MG. Nnukwu glucose na glucosamine na-ebute nkwụsị insulin site na usoro dị iche iche na 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Ọrịa shuga 2000; 49: 981-91. Lelee anya.
  115. Baron AD, Zhu JS, Zhu JH, et al. Glucosamine na-ebute insulin na-eguzogide na vivo site na-emetụta ntụgharị GLUT 4 na akwara skeletal. Mmetụta maka nsị nke glucose. J Ọgwụ Invest 1995; 96: 2792-801. Lelee anya.
  116. Eggertsen R, Andreasson A, Andren L. Enweghị mgbanwe nke ọkwa cholesterol na ngwaahịa glucosamine nke azụmahịa na ndị ọrịa na-agwọ ọgwụ na-ebelata egbugbere ọnụ: ikpe a na-achịkwa, nke enweghị usoro, nke na-emeghe. BMCPharmacol Toxicol 2012; 13: 10. Lelee anya.
  117. Liu W, Liu G, Pei F, et al. Mgbakwunye Ọrịa Kashin-Beck na Sichuan, China: akụkọ banyere onye ọkwọ ụgbọ mmiri na-emeghe ikpe ọgwụgwọ. J Ọrịa Rheumatol 2012; 18: 8-14. Lelee anya.
  118. Nakamura H, Masuko K, Yudoh K, et al. Mmetụta nke nchịkwa glucosamine na ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo. Rheumatol Int 2007; 27: 213-8. Lelee anya.
  119. Bruyere O, Pavelka K, Rovati LC, et al. Mgbakwunye nkwonkwo nkwonkwo mgbe glucosamine sulphate ọgwụgwọ na ikpere ogbu na nkwonkwo: nsonaazụ nke nyocha nke afọ 8 nke ndị ọrịa site na afọ atọ gara aga, nyocha, nke a na-achịkwa ebebo. Ọrịa Osteoarthritis. 2008; 16: 254-60. Lelee anya.
  120. Bijlsma JWJ, Lafeber FPJG. Glucosamine sulfate na osteoarthritis: ndị juri ahụ apụbeghị. Ann Intern Med 2008; 148: 315-6. Lelee anya.
  121. Rozendaal RM, Koes BW, van Osch GJVM, et al. Mmetụta nke glucosamine sulfate na hip osteoarthritis: Ọnwụnwa enweghị usoro. Ann Intern Med 2008; 148: 268-77. Lelee anya.
  122. Persiani S, Rotini R, Trisolino G, et al. Ọgwụgwọ Synovial na plasma glucosamine na-etinye uche na ndị ọrịa osteoarthritic na-eso ọnụ ọnụ mkpuchi glucosamine sulphate na ọgwụ ọgwụgwọ. Ọrịa Osteoarthritis 2007; 15: 764-72. Lelee anya.
  123. Yue QY, Strandell J, Myrberg O. Iji glucosamine eme ihe n'otu oge nwere ike inwe mmetụta nke warfarin. Monitorlọ Ọrụ nlekota Uppsala. Odikwa na: www.who-umc.org/graphics/9722.pdf (Nweta 28 Eprel 2008).
  124. Knudsen J, Sokol GH. Mkparịta ụka glucosamine-warfarin nwere ike ime ka mba ụwa nwekwuo oke: Akụkọ gbasara akụkọ na nyocha nke akwụkwọ na MedWatch nchekwa data. Ọgwụ ọgwụ 2008; 28: 540-8. Lelee anya.
  125. Muniyappa R, Karne RJ, Hall G, et al. Goscosamine ọnụ maka izu 6 na usoro nhazi anaghị eme ma ọ bụ mebie nkwụsị insulin ma ọ bụ nkwụsị nke endothelial na-adabere ma ọ bụ buru ibu. Ọrịa shuga 2006; 55: 3142-50. Lelee anya.
  126. Tannock LR, Kirk EA, King VL, et al. Glucosamine supplementation na-eme ngwa ngwa mana ọ bụghị mbubreyo atherosclerosis na LDL ụmụ oke oke. Nyocha. J Nutr 2006; 136: 2856-61. Lelee anya.
  127. Pham T, Cornea A, Blick KE, et al. Ntughari Oral glucosamine na doses eji agwọ ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo na-eme ka nkwụsị insulin ghara ịdị njọ. Am J Med Sci 2007; 333: 333-9. Lelee anya.
  128. Messier SP, Mihalko S, Loeser RF, et al. Glucosamine / chondroitin jikọtara ya na mmega ahụ maka ọgwụgwọ nke osteoarthritis ikpere: ọmụmụ mbido. Ọrịa Osteoarthritis 2007; 15: 1256-66. Lelee anya.
  129. Gha JL, Lin SW. Mmetụta nke glucosamine na njikwa glucose. Ann Pharmacother 2006; 40: 694-8. Lelee anya.
  130. Bush TM, Rayburn KS, Holloway SW, et al.Mkparịta ụka na-adịghị mma n'etiti ahịhịa na ihe oriri na ọgwụ ọgwụ: nyocha nyocha. Ahụike Ahụike ọzọ. 2007; 13: 30-5. Lelee anya.
  131. Towheed TE, Maxwell L, Anastassiades TP, et al. Ọrịa Glucosamine maka ịgwọ ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo. Ebe obibi nke Cochrane Syst Rev 2005;: CD002946. Lelee anya.
  132. Poolsup N, Suthisisang C, Channark P, Kittikulsuth W. Glucosamine ọgwụgwọ ogologo oge na ọganihu nke ikpere osteoarthritis: nyochaa usoro nyocha nke usoro nchịkwa a na-achịkwa. Ann Pharmacother 2005; 39: 1080-7. Lelee anya.
  133. Qiu GX, Weng XS, Zhang K, et al. [Ọnọdụ multi-Central, nke a na-achịkwa, nke a na-achịkwa nke na-achịkwa ụlọ ọgwụ nke glucosamine hydrochloride / sulfate na ọgwụgwọ nke ikpere osteoarthritis]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2005; 85: 3067-70. Lelee anya.
  134. Clegg DO, Reda DJ, Harris CL, et al. Glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate, ha abụọ jikọtara maka ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo na-egbu mgbu. N Engl J Med 2006; 354: 795-808. Lelee anya.
  135. Herrero-Beaumont G, Ivorra JA, Del Carmen Trabado M, et al. Glucosamine sulfate na ọgwụgwọ nke mgbaàmà osteoarthritis ikpere: a na-ahụkarị, onye isi abụọ, nyocha a na-achịkwa ebebo na-eji acetaminophen dị ka onye na-atụnyere akụkụ. Ọrịa ogbu ogbu na nkwonkwo 2007; 56: 555-67. Lelee anya.
  136. Theodosakis J. A na-enweghị usoro, onye kpuru ìsì abụọ, nke a na-achịkwa ebe a na-etinye ebe a na-eme ude nke nwere glucosamine sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, na camphor maka osteoarthritis nke ikpere. J Rheumatol 2004; 31: 826. Lelee anya.
  137. Zhang W, Doherty M, Arden N, et al. Na Na Na Na Na EULAR gbara ọkpụrụkpụ na-egosi ndụmọdụ maka njikwa nke ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo hip: akụkọ banyere otu ndị ọrụ nke EULAR Standing Committee for International Clinical Studies Including Therapeutics (ESCISIT). Ann Rheum Dis 2005; 64: 669-81. Lelee anya.
  138. Towheed TE, Anastassiades TP, Shea B, et al. Ọrịa Glucosamine maka ịgwọ ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2001; 1: CD002946. Lelee anya.
  139. McAlindon T. Gini mere na ule ogwu nke glucosamine adighizi adi nma? Rheum Dis Nyocha North Am 2003; 29: 789-801. Lelee anya.
  140. Cibere J, Kopec JA, Thorne A, et al. Ọkpụkpụ, okpukpu abụọ kpuru ìsì, ikpe ikpe glucosamine nkwụsị na ikpere osteoarthritis. Ọrịa ogbu ogbu na nkwonkwo 2004; 51: 738-45. Lelee anya.
  141. McAlindon T, Formica M, LaValley M, et al. Na Na Na Na Na Mmetụta nke glucosamine maka mgbaàmà nke osteoarthritis ikpere: nsonaazụ sitere na ntanetị a na-achịkwa nke nwere ihu abụọ. Am J Med 2004; 117: 643-9. Lelee anya.
  142. Bruyere O, Pavelka K, Rovati LC, et al. Glucosamine sulfate na-ebelata osteoarthritis na-aga n'ihu na ụmụ nwanyị postmenopausal nwere osteoarthritis ikpere: ihe akaebe sitere na ọmụmụ afọ 3 abụọ. Menopause 2004; 11: 138-43. Lelee anya.
  143. Grey HC, Hutcheson PS, Slavin RG. Ndi glucosamine na adi nma na ndi oria na-eri nri (akwukwo ozi)? Ọrịa Ọrịa Na-ahụ Maka Ahụ Ọrịa 2004; 114: 459-60. Lelee anya.
  144. Tannis AJ, Barban J, Na-emeri JA. Mmetụta nke mgbakwunye glucosamine na ibu ọnụ na-adịghị ebu ọnụ plasma glucose na ọgwụ insulin na-echebara ndị mmadụ ike. Ọkpụkpụ Osteoarthritis 2004; 12: 506-11. Lelee anya.
  145. Weimann G, Lubenow N, Selleng K, et al. Glucosamine sulfate anaghị emetụta ihe na-alụso ọrịa ọgụ nke ndị ọrịa nwere heparin na-ebute thrombocytopenia. Eur J Haematol 2001; 66: 195-9. Lelee anya.
  146. Hughes R, Carr A. Ọkpụkpụ a na-ahụkarị, nke nwere isi abụọ, nke a na-achịkwa ebebo nke glucosamine sulphate dị ka analgesic na osteoarthritis nke ikpere. Ọrịa Rheumatology (Oxford) 2002; 41: 279-84. . Lelee anya.
  147. Rozenfeld V, Crain JL, Callahan AK. O kwere omume ịbawanye mmetụta nke warfarin site na glucosamine-chondroitin. Am J Ahụ ike Syst Pharm 2004; 61: 306-307. Lelee anya.
  148. Towheed TE. Ọnọdụ dị ugbu a nke ọgwụgwọ glucosamine na ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo. Ọrịa ogbu ogbu na nkwonkwo 2003; 49: 601-4. Lelee anya.
  149. Guillaume MP, Peretz A. Enwere ike inwe mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ọgwụgwọ glucosamine na nrịanrịa gbasara akụrụngwa: kwuo maka leta Danao-Camara. Ọrịa ogbu ogbu na nkwonkwo 2001; 44: 2943-4. Lelee anya.
  150. Danao-Camara T. Mmetụta ndị nwere ike ịgwọ ọrịa na glucosamine na chondroitin. Ọrịa ogbu ogbu na nkwonkwo 2000; 43: 2853. Lelee anya.
  151. Cohen M, Wolfe R, Mai T, Lewis D. A na-ahụkarị, abụọ kpuru ìsì, placebo na-anwale ikpe nke ude mmiri nwere glucosamine sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, na camphor maka osteoarthritis nke ikpere. J Rheumatol 2003; 30: 523-8 .. Na-ele ihe anya.
  152. Yu JG, Boies SM, Olefsky JM. Mmetụta nke glucosamine sulfate ọnụ na mmetụta insulin na ụmụ mmadụ. Ọrịa shuga 2003; 26: 1941-2. Lelee anya.
  153. Dezie m, Rovati LC. Nnukwu, nkesa, metabolism na excretion nke glucosamine sulfate. Nyochaa. Nkọwa Arzneimittelforschung 2001; 51: 699-725. Lelee anya.
  154. Hoffer LJ, Kaplan LN, Hamadeh MJ, et al. Mgbakwunye Sulfate nwere ike ịkọwa mmetụta ọgwụgwọ nke glucosamine sulfate. Metabolism 2001; 50: 767-70 .. Na-ele ihe anya.
  155. Braham R, Dawson B, Goodman C. Mmetụta nke mgbakwunye glucosamine na ndị mmadụ na-enwekarị mgbu ikpere. Br J Egwuregwu Med 2003; 37: 45-9. Lelee anya.
  156. Scroggie DA, Albright A, Harris MD. Mmetụta nke mgbakwunye glucosamine-chondroitin na ọkwa hemoglobin glycosylated na ndị ọrịa nwere ụdị ọrịa shuga nke abụọ: ebe a na-achịkwa ebebo, na-eme ka mmadụ abụọ kpuo ìsì, usoro ikpe ụlọ ọgwụ. Arch Intern Med 2003; 163: 1587-90. Lelee anya.
  157. Richy F, Bruyere O, Ethgen O, et al. Nrụpụta ọrụ na ihe mgbaàmà nke glucosamine na chondroitin na ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo ikpere: nyocha meta-analysis. Nyocha ngwa 2003; 163: 1514-22. Lelee anya.
  158. Salvatore S, Heuschkel R, Tomlin S, et al. Ọzọ Nnyocha nyocha nke N-acetyl glucosamine, mkpụrụ nri na-edozi ahụ maka njikọ glycosaminoglycan, na ọrịa ụmụaka na-arịa ọrịa na-adịghị ala ala. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2000; 14: 1567-79 .. Na-ele ihe anya.
  159. Tallia AF, Cardone DA. Mgbapu Asthma nke ejikọtara na mgbakwunye glucosamine-chondroitin. J Am Board Fam Pract 2002; 15: 481-4 .. Na-ele ihe anya.
  160. Tiku ML, Narla H, Karry SK, et al. Glucosamine na-egbochi mmeghachi omume Lipoxidation dị elu na Chemical Modification nke Lipoproteins site na Scavenging Reactive Carbonyl Intermediates. American College of Rheumatology Nzuko; Ọnwa Iri 25-29, 2002. Nkebi 11.
  161. Alvarez-Soria MA, Largo R, Diez-Ortego E, et al. Glucosamine Na-egbochi IL-1A na-arụ ọrụ NF-kappa B na Human Osteoarthritic chondrocytes. American College of Rheumatology Nzuko; Ọnwa Iri 25-29, 2002. Mpempe 118.
  162. Ganu VA, Hu SI, Strassman J, et al. Ndị na-egbochi N-glycosylation Na-ebelata Mmepụta nke Cytokine na-emepụta nke Matrix Metalloproteinases, Nitric oxide, na PGE2 sitere na Chondrocytes nke Akwụkwọ: Usoro Ntugharị Maka Chondroprotective Effects nke d-Glucosamine. American College of Rheumatology Nzuko; Ọnwa Iri 25-29, 2002. Mpempe 616.
  163. Du XL, Edelstein D, Dimmeler S, et al. Ọzọ Hyperglycemia na-egbochi endothelial nitric oxide synthase ọrụ site na mgbanwe post-ntụgharị na saịtị Akt. J Ọrịa Na-etinye 2001; 108: 1341-8. Lelee anya.
  164. Pavelka K, Gatterova J, Olejarova M, et al. Glucosamine sulfate jiri na oge na-aga n'ihu nke ikpere ogbu na nkwonkwo: Afọ 3, nke a na-achịkwa, nke a na-achịkwa ebebo, ọmụmụ ihe abụọ. Arch Intern Med 2002; 162: 2113-23. Lelee anya.
  165. Adebowale AO, Cox DS, Liang Z, et al. Nyocha nke glucosamine na chondroitin sulfate ọdịnaya na ngwaahịa ahịa na Caco-2 permeability nke chondroitin sulfate ngwaọrụ. JANA 2000; 3: 37-44.
  166. Bagasra O, Whittle P, Heins B, Pomerantz RJ. Mgbochi nje na-egbochi nje mmadụ ụdị ọrụ 1 nke sulfos monosaccharides: iji ya tụnyere polysaccharides sulfated na polyions ndị ọzọ. Ọrịa 1991; 164: 1082-90. Lelee anya.
  167. Nowak A, Szczesniak L, Rychlewski T, et al. Glucosamine dị na ndị nwere ọrịa obi na-arịa ọrịa obi na-enweghị na-arịa ọrịa shuga nke ụdị II. Pol Arch Med Wewn 1998; 100: 419-25. Lelee anya.
  168. Olszewski AJ, Szostak WB, McCully KS. Plasma glucosamine na galactosamine na ọrịa obi nke ischemic. Atherosclerosis 1990; 82: 75-83. Lelee anya.
  169. Yun J, Tomida A, Nagata K, Tsuruo T. Glucose na-achịkwa nrụgide na-enye nkwụsi ike na VP-16 na mkpụrụ ndụ kansa mmadụ site na mbelata okwu DNA topoisomerase II. Oncol Res 1995; 7: 583-90. Lelee anya.
  170. Pouwels MJ, Jacobs JR, Oge PN, et al. Mkpụrụ akwụkwọ glucosamine dị mkpụmkpụ anaghị emetụta mmetụta insulin na ụmụ mmadụ. J Ọgwụ Endocrinol Metab 2001; 86: 2099-103. Lelee anya.
  171. Monauni T, Zenti MG, Cretti A, et al. Mmetụta nke glucosamine infusion na insulin secretion na ọrụ insulin n'ime ụmụ mmadụ. Ọrịa shuga 2000; 49: 926-35. Lelee anya.
  172. Das A Jr, Hammad TA. Nrụpụta ọrụ nke njikọta nke FCHG49 glucosamine hydrochloride, TRH122 obere molekụla dị arọ sodium chondroitin sulfate na manganese ascorbate na njikwa nke ikpere osteoarthritis. Ọrịa Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2000; 8: 343-50. Lelee anya.
  173. Nri na Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Ntughari nri maka vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, na Zinc. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2002. A na-enweta ya na: www.nap.edu/books/0309072794/html/.
  174. Ndi glucosamine na-eme ka ọbara na-ebu ọbara na ọbara mgbali elu? Aclọ akwụkwọ Pharmacist / Akwụkwọ ozi Prescriber 2001; 17: 171115.
  175. Reginster JY, Deroisy R, Rovati LC, et al. Mgbakwunye Mmetụta ogologo oge nke glucosamine sulfate na-aga n'ihu na ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo: nke a na-achịkwa, nke a na-achịkwa ebebo. Lancet 2001; 357: 251-6. Lelee anya.
  176. Almada A, Harvey P, Platt K. Mmetụta nke glucosamine sulfate na-adịghị ala ala nke na-ebu ọnụ insulin na-eguzogide index (FIRI) na ndị na-abụghị ndị ọrịa mamịrị. FASEB J 2000; 14: A750.
  177. Akwụkwọ CT, Philippi AF, Leffler SG, et al. Glucosamine, chondroitin, na manganese ascorbate maka ọrịa nkwonkwo nkwonkwo nke ikpere ma ọ bụ azụ dị ala: nchọpụta a na-ahụ anya, abụọ kpuru ìsì, ebe a na-achịkwa ebebo. Mil Med 1999; 164: 85-91. Lelee anya.
  178. Thie NM, Prasad NG, Isi PW. Nyocha nke glucosamine sulfate ma e jiri ya tụnyere ibuprofen maka ọgwụgwọ nke nkwonkwo osteoarthritis nke nkwonkwo oge: mmadụ abụọ kpuru ìsì na-achịkwa ikpe ọnwa 3. J Rheumatol 2001; 28: 1347-55. Lelee anya.
  179. Shankar RR, Zhu JS, Baron AD. Glucosamine infusion na oke na-eme ka nsogbu beta-cell na-arịa ọrịa shuga na-abụghị insulin. Ọkpụkpụ 1998; 47: 573-7. Lelee anya.
  180. Rossetti L, Hawkins M, Chen W, et al. Na Na Na Na Na Na vivo glucosamine infusion na-ebute insulin na-eguzogide na normoglycemic ma ọ bụghị na oke hyperglycemic maara. J Ọgwụ Invest 1995; 96: 132-40. Lelee anya.
  181. Burton AF, Anderson FH. Mbelata ntinye nke 14C-glucosamine metụtara 3H-N-acetyl glucosamine na mucosa nke eriri afọ nke ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa obi na-afụ ụfụ. Am J Gastroenterol 1983; 78: 19-22. Lelee anya.
  182. Barclay TS, Tsourounis C, McCart GM. Glucosamine. Ann Pharmacother 1998; 32: 574-9. Lelee anya.
  183. Ntọala m, Palumbo R, Canali S, et al. Pharmacokinetics nke glucosamine na mmadụ. Nkọwapụta nke Arzneimittelforschung 1993; 43: 1109-13. Lelee anya.
  184. Forster K, Schmid K, Rovati L, et al. Mgbakwunye Usoro ọgwụgwọ ogologo oge nke obere-na-agafeghị oke ogbu na nkwonkwo nke ikpere na glucosamine sulfate- usoro a na-achịkwa, ọmụmụ ọmụmụ ihe abụọ. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1996; 50: 542.
  185. Reichelt A. Nrụpụta ọrụ na nchekwa nke intramuscular glucosamine sulfate na ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo nke ikpere. Achọpụta ihe ọmụmụ, nke a na-achịkwa ebebo, nke nwere ihu abụọ. Nkọwa Arzneimittelforschung 1994; 44: 75-80. Lelee anya.
  186. Qiu GX, Gao SN, Giacovelli G, et al. Nrụpụta ọrụ na nchekwa nke glucosamine sulfate na ibuprofen na ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo ikpere. Ntọala Arzneimittelforschung 1998; 48: 469-74. Lelee anya.
  187. Pujalte JM, Llavore EP, Ylescupidez .gha. Ugboro abụọ kpuru ìsì nyocha nke onu glucosamine sulphate na isi ọgwụgwọ nke osteoarthrosis. Opin Med Resin Opin 1980; 7: 110-4. Lelee anya.
  188. Lopes Vaz A. Onye kpuru ìsì ugboro abụọ, nyocha nyocha nke uru nrụpụta nke ibuprofen na glucosamine sulphate na njikwa nke osteoarthrosis nke ikpere na ndị ọrịa. Opin Med Resin Opin 1982; 8: 145-9. Lelee anya.
  189. da Camara CC, Dowless GV. Glucosamine sulfate maka ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo. Ann Pharmacother 1998; 32: 580-7. Lelee anya.
  190. Drovanti A, Bignamini AA, Rovati AL. Ọrụ ọgwụgwọ nke glucosamine sulfate ọnụ na osteoarthrosis: nchọpụta a na-achịkwa ebebo na-achịkwa okpukpu abụọ. Ọrịa 1980; 3: 260-72. Lelee anya.
  191. McAlindon TE, LaValley MP, Gulin JP, Felson DT. Glucosamine na chondroitin maka ọgwụgwọ ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo: nhazi usoro nhazi na meta-analysis. JAMA 2000; 283: 1469-75. Lelee anya.
  192. Houpt JB, McMillan R, Wein C, Paget-Dellio SD. Mmetụta nke glucosamine hydrochloride na ọgwụgwọ nke mgbu nke ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo nke ikpere. J Rheumatol 1999; 26: 2423-30. Lelee anya.
  193. Rindone JP, Hiller D, Collacott E, et al. Amụma ahụ Ọnwụnwa, nke a na-achịkwa nke glucosamine maka ịgwọ ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo nke ikpere. West J Med 2000; 172: 91-4. Lelee anya.
  194. Ndozi KK, Schmid K, Rovati LC. Mmetụta nke glucosamine sulfate na osteoarthritis nke spine lumbar: a na-achịkwa ebebo, nke a na-ahụkarị, ọmụmụ ihe abụọ. Am Coll Rheumatol 64th Ann Scientific Mtg, Philadelphia, PA: 2000; Ọkt 29- Nọvemba 2: nkịtị 1613.
  195. Kim YB, Zhu JS, Zierath JR, et al. Na Na Na Na Na Glucosamine infusion na oke na-emebi ngwa ngwa insulin nke phosphoinositide 3-kinase mana ọ dịghị agbanwe ọrụ nke Akt / protein kinase B na akwara skeletal. Ọrịa shuga 1999; 48: 310-20. Lelee anya.
  196. Holmang A, Nilsson C, Niklasson M, et al. Ọzọ Nweta nke insulin na-eguzogide site na glucosamine na-ebelata ọbara ọgbụgba ma ọ bụghị ọkwa interstitial nke glucose ma ọ bụ insulin. Ọrịa Ọrịa 1999; 48: 106-11. Lelee anya.
  197. Giaccari A, Morviducci L, Zorretta D, et al. Na vivo mmetụta nke glucosamine na insulin secretion na insulin uche na oke: enwere ike mkpa maka mmeghachi omume na-adịghị mma na hyperglycaemia na-adịghị ala ala. Diabetologia 1995; 38: 518-24. Lelee anya.
  198. Balkan B, Dunning BE. Glucosamine na-egbochi glucokinase na vitro ma na-amịpụta ezighi ezi glucose-nke insulin insulin na oke. Ọrịa shuga 1994; 43: 1173-9. Lelee anya.
  199. Adams M. Hype banyere glucosamine. Lancet 1999; 354: 353-4. Lelee anya.
Nyochaa ikpeazụ - 03/03/2021

Isiokwu Na-AdọRọ Mmasị

12 Ndụmọdụ ịma mma maka ntutu dị mma
Ndu

12 Ndụmọdụ ịma mma maka ntutu dị mma

Ntutu bụ ihe kacha ị mma na Ọdịdị na -ekerịta ndụmọdụ mara mma iri na abụọ iji mee ka nke gị dị mma.Ntutu i i gị nwere ike ịgbakwunye (ma ọ bụ mebie) ọdịdị gị n'ozuzu ya ozugbo. Idobe ya n'ọnọ...
Emezuru m nrọ m!
Ndu

Emezuru m nrọ m!

Ihe ịma aka Tamira Na kọleji, Tamira wepụtara oge maka ihe ọ bụla ma e wezụga ahụike ya. O mere nke ọma na klaa ị, jee ozi na kan ụl ụmụ akwụkwọ, ma wepụta onwe ya, mana n'ihi na ọ na-arụ i ọrụ ik...