Hypoparathyroidism: ihe ọ bụ, mgbaàmà na ọgwụgwọ

Ndinaya

• Isi mgbaàmà
• Otu esi eme ọgwụgwọ ahụ
• Ihe nwere ike ibute hypoparathyroidism
• Ihe kpatara isi hypoparathyroidism
• Ihe kpatara hypoparathyroidism nke abụọ
• Ihe na-akpata pseudohypoparathyroidism

Hypoparathyroidism na-ezo aka n'ụdị ọrịa, ma ọ bụ ọnọdụ, na-eduga na mbelata nke ọrụ nke hormone PTH, nke a makwaara dị ka parathormone.

A na-emepụta hormone a site na gland parathyroid, nke bụ 4 obere glands nke dị n'azụ thyroid ma bụrụ hormone dị mkpa nke, yana vitamin D, na-ejigide ọkwa calcium zuru oke na ọbara.

Ya mere, mgbe enweghi PTH n'ime ahụ, ọ na-ahụkarị ịhụ mbelata nke ọkwa calcium n'ime ọbara, nke a maara dị ka hypocalcemia, nke nwere ike ibute ihe ịrịba ama dịka adịghị ike, akwara muscle, mgbanwe ọkpụkpụ, nsogbu akwara ma ọ bụ ọbụna nsogbu obi. Mụtakwuo banyere hypocalcemia na ihe ọ nwere ike ịkpata.

Isi mgbaàmà

Ihe mgbaàmà nke hypoparathyroidism metụtara tumadi na nsogbu adịghị arụ ọrụ nke PTH na-akpata. Ya mere, ụfọdụ ihe ịrịba ama na mgbaàmà ndị nwere ike ibilite gụnyere:

• Ọkpụkpụ akwara siri ike;
• Ọkpụkpụ akwara;
• Adịghị ike ma ọ bụ ihe mgbu;
• Ọdụdọ n'ozuzu;
• Obi obi

Ebe ọ bụ na PTH bụ hormone na-achịkwa calcium, mgbe enweghi PTH, a gaghị enwe ike itinye calcium nke ọma na eriri afọ ma ka na-ewepụ ya na mmamịrị, na-eduga n'ọkwa calcium dị obere ma ọ bụ hypocalcemia.

Mgbaàmà nke mgbaàmà ahụ na-adabere na oke na ọsọ nke ọnwụ nke ọkwa calcium. Ọtụtụ ndị ọrịa nwere hypoparathyroidism anaghị enwe nsogbu, ha na-enwekwa ihe mgbaàmà mgbe ọ bụla ọ dị mkpa ka calcium dịkwuo n’ahụ, dị ka n’oge ime ime, inye ara ara ma ọ bụ iji ọgwụ ndị na-ebelata calcium.

N'okwu ndị na-adịghị ala ala ma dị nwayọọ, enweghi ike inwe mgbaàmà ọ bụla, a na-achọpụtakwa ọrịa ahụ naanị na nyocha oge niile, ma ọ bụ enwere ike ịnwe mgbaàmà dị nro dịka nsị na enweghị mmetụ na ụkwụ, aka ma ọ bụ gburugburu ọnụ.

Otu esi eme ọgwụgwọ ahụ

Ọgwụgwọ hypoparathyroidism nwere ebumnobi bụ isi nke ịchịkwa nbelata calcium na ahụ, ma endocrinologist ga-eduzi ya dị ka ihe kpatara ya, ịdị njọ, mgbaàmà na ọkwa calcium ọbara.

Mgbe ọkwa calcium dị obere, n'okpuru 7.5mg / dl, hypocalcemia siri ike na-egosi na, n'ọnọdụ ndị a, ọgwụgwọ na ụlọ ọgwụ dị mkpa, na nnọchi calcium kpọmkwem na akwara, na calcium gluconate.

Mgbe hypocalcemia dị nwayọọ ma na-adịghị ala ala, ọgwụgwọ gụnyere iji dochie calcium na vitamin D ọnụ. Magnesium na-enyere aka ịmalite mmepụta nke PTH na, ya mere, ọ nwere ike ịba uru, ọkachasị mgbe ọkwa ya dịkwa obere. Usoro ọgwụgwọ ndị ọzọ, dị ka diuretics thiazide ma ọ bụ ngbanwe nke PTH recombinant, nwere ike ịdụ ọdụ site na endocrinologist, dabere na nke ọ bụla.

Ihe nwere ike ibute hypoparathyroidism

Hypoparathyroidism nwere ike kewaa n'ime ụdị isi 2, dabere na ihe ndị na-eduga na enweghị ọrụ nke PTH:

• Isi hypoparathyroidism: na-eme mgbe mmepụta nke PTH adịghị mma n'ihi na glands nwere nsogbu ma ọ bụ wepụrụ ya.
• Secondary hypoparathyroidism: bụ mgbe ihe mkpali ndị ọzọ, dị ka obere magnesium, na-eme ka glands mepụta obere PTH na-enweghị nsogbu na ha.

Enwerekwa okwu nke atọ, nke a na-akpọ pseudo-hypoparathyroidism, nke na-apụta n'ọrịa e ketara eketa, ya bụ, na-agafe mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa ezinụlọ, site na nne na nna ruo na ụmụaka, na-eme ka nguzogide na akụkụ ahụ nke homonụ kwesịrị ime ihe. Ya mere, homonụ enweghị ike ịrụ ọrụ ya ọ bụ ezie na a na-emepụta ya na oke zuru oke site na parathyroid glands.

Ihe kpatara isi hypoparathyroidism

Typedị a na-eme ọtụtụ oge n'ihi mwepụ nke parathyroid glands, n'ihe banyere ọgwụgwọ nke hyperparathyroidism, dịka ọmụmaatụ, mana ọ nwekwara ike ịpụta n'ihi mmerụ mberede nke parathyroid glands. Ikpe a na - eme mgbe a na - awa ahụ na mpaghara olu, ya bụ thyroid, maka kansa ma ọ bụ nodules. Ebe ọ bụ na ihe owuwu ahụ dị ezigbo nso na glands dị obere, ọ na-esiri ike mgbe ụfọdụ ịchọpụta na ikewapụ ha na akụkụ ndị ọzọ. Lelee mgbe iwepụ thyroid dị mkpa na otu mgbake bụ.

Ihe kpatara hypoparathyroidism nke abụọ

Hypodị hypoparathyroidism a na-ebutekarị ụkọ magnesium na-adịgide adịgide.

Ọ bụ ezie na obere magnesium dị ala nwere ike kpalite mmepụta nke PTH, mgbe magnesium dị oke ala, na ogologo oge, ọ na-ezigara parathyroid ozi ka ọ ghara ịmịpụta PTH ma na-emekwa ka akụkụ ahụ ghara inwe mmetụta na hormone, nke mere na ọ anaghị arụ ọrụ, na-akpata hypoparathyroidism.

Ihe na-akpata pseudohypoparathyroidism

Pseudo-hypoparathyroidism na-ezo aka n'ụdị ọrịa nke mgbanwe mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa, nke na-abụkarị ihe nketa, na-eme ka anụ ahụ ahụ bụrụ ihe na-enweghị mmetụta na PTH. E nwere ụdị pseudohypoparathyroidism 3 dị iche iche, dabere na ha metụtara ọrịa na-adịghị ahụkebe a na-akpọ Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy and the type of PTH resistance that is kpatara.

Na nzaghachi nke enweghị ọrụ nke PTH, glands na-abawanye na nha ma gbalịa ịmịpụta PTH, yana ọkwa PTH nkịtị ma ọ bụ ọbụna dị elu n'ọbara, mana PTH a enweghị ike ịme ihe. Ya mere, ihe onyonyo ogwu di ka nke hypoparathyroidism, dika odi ka hormone adigh. Ya mere, a pụghị ịkpọ ya ụdị hypoparathyroidism ahụ, ebe ọ bụ n'eziokwu na ọkwa PTH na-ekesa bụ ihe nkịtị ma ọ bụ ọbụna mụbaa, a na-akpọzi ya pseudo-hypoparathyroidism, nke pụtara "yiri hypoparathyroidism".