Changeska nká na mgbanwe n’ọkpụkpụ - mọzụlụ - nkwonkwo

Mgbanwe ndị a na - enwe n’usoro ije (ije ije) na - ejikarị ịka nká. Mgbanwe na akpụkpọ na ntutu na-adịkarịkwa.

Ọkpụkpụ na-enye nkwado na nhazi ahụ. Mkpakọrịta bụ ebe ọkpụkpụ na-agbakọta. Ha na-ekwe ka ọkpụkpụ nwee ike ịgbanwe maka mmegharị. Na nkwonkwo, ọkpụkpụ anaghị akpọtụrụ ibe ha. Kama nke ahụ, cartilage na-ejikọta ha, nkwonkwo synovial gburugburu nkwonkwo ahụ, na mmiri mmiri.

Mkpụrụ ahụ na-enye ike na ume ịkwaga ahụ. Nchịkọta na-eduzi ụbụrụ, ma ọ na-emetụta mgbanwe nke akwara na nkwonkwo. Mgbanwe nke akwara, nkwonkwo, na ọkpụkpụ na-emetụta nguzo na ije, ma na-eduga na adịghị ike na nwayọ nwayọ.

CHB CHR AG NKWETA

Ndị mmadụ na-efunahụ oke ọkpụkpụ ma ọ bụ njupụta ka ha na-aka nká, ọkachasị ụmụ nwanyị mgbe ha mechara. Ọkpụkpụ ahụ na-efunahụ calcium na mineral ndị ọzọ.

Ọkpụkpụ azụ bụ ọkpụkpụ ndị a na-akpọ vertebrae. N'etiti ọkpụkpụ ọ bụla bụ jel dị ka (nke a na-akpọ diski). Na ịka nká, etiti ahụ (akpati) na-adị mkpụmkpụ ka diski ahụ ji nwayọ jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ tufuo mmiri ma na-adị gịrịgịrị.

Vertebrae na-efunahụ ụfọdụ n'ime ihe ịnweta ha, na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ ọ bụla belata. Ọkpụkpụ azụ na-atụgharị na mkpakọ (jikọtara ọnụ). Ọkpụkpụ spurs kpatara nká na iji mkpụmkpụ eme ihe n'ogologo nwekwara ike ịdị na vertebrae.

Cheskwụ ụkwụ ụkwụ anaghị arụ ọrụ nke ọma, na-eme ka ntakịrị nwantakịrị dị elu.

Ọkpụkpụ dị ogologo nke ogwe aka na ụkwụ na-akawanye njọ n'ihi ịnweta ịnweta, mana ha anaghị agbanwe ogologo. Nke a na - eme ka ogwe aka na ụkwụ dị ogologo oge ma e jiri ya tụnyere ogwe dị mkpụmkpụ.

Ihe nkwonkwo ahụ na-esiwanye ike ma gharakwa ịgbanwe agbanwe. Mmiri mmiri na nkwonkwo nwere ike ibelata. Cartilage ahụ nwere ike ịmalite ịkọkọ ọnụ wee pụọ. Mkpụrụ nwere ike itinye na gburugburu nkwonkwo ụfọdụ (nhazi). Nke a bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị n’ubu.

Ọkpụkpụ ikpere na ikpere nwere ike ịmalite ịmalite cartilage (mgbanwe mmebi). Mkpịsị aka mkpịsị aka tufuo cartilage na ọkpụkpụ ga-adịkwu ntakịrị. Mgbanwe nkwonkwo mkpịsị aka, ọzịza ọkpụkpụ a na-akpọ osteophytes, na-abụkarị ụmụ nwanyị. Enwere ike iketa mgbanwe ndị a.

Adabere n'ahụ mmadụ na-ebelata. Mbelata a na - akpata ọnwụ nke anụ ahụ (atrophy). Ọ na-adị ka ọ̀ bụ mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa na-akpata ọsọ ọsọ na ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ nke akwara ike. Mgbanwe akwara na-amalitekarị na 20s na ụmụ nwoke na 40s na ụmụ nwanyị.

Lipofuscin (ụcha metụtara afọ) na abụba na-etinye na anụ ahụ. Akwara akwara ịda mbà. A na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ dochie anụ ahụ. Enwere ike iji anụ ahụ nwere ike mechie anya anụ ahụ furu efu. A na-ahụkarị nke a na aka, nke nwere ike ịdị gịrịgịrị ma gbaa ọkpụkpụ.

Mkpụrụ ahụ anaghị enwe ike ikwu okwu ma ghara inwe ike ibute n'ihi mgbanwe nke anụ ahụ na mgbanwe ịka nká na usoro ụjọ. Mkpụrụ akwara nwere ike ghara isi ike n’afọ ndụ ya, o nwere ike ọ gaghị ada ụda, ọ bụrụgodị na ị na-emega ahụ́ mgbe nile.

Mmetụta nke mgbanwe

Ọkpụkpụ na-akawanye njọ ma nwee ike ịgbaji ngwa ngwa. Ogologo n'ogo niile na-ebelata, ọ bụ n'ihi na akpati na spain na-ebelata.

Mmebi nke nkwonkwo nwere ike ibute mbufụt, mgbu, nkwesi ike, na nrụrụ. Mgbanwe ndị a na-enwe n’usoro metụtara ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ndị agadi nile. Mgbanwe ndị a sitere na obere isi ike na ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo siri ike.

Ọnọdụ ahụ nwere ike ịdalata karịa (gbagọrọ agbagọ). Ikpere na úkwù nwere ike gbanwee. Olu ya nwere ike ịgbatu, ubu ya nwere ike ibelata mgbe pelvis na-ebuwanye ibu.

Mmeghari na-akwụsịlata ma ọ nwere ike ịdị oke. Thekpụrụ ije (gait) na-adị nwayọ na mkpụmkpụ. Ije ije nwere ike ghara ịkwụsi ike, ma obere ogwe aka na-efegharị. Ndị agadi na-ada mbà ngwa ngwa ma na-enwe ume dị ala.

Ike na ntachi obi na-agbanwe. Ọnwụ nke uru ahụ na-ebelata ike.

Nsogbu nkịtị

Osteoporosis bụ nsogbu nkịtị, karịsịa maka ụmụ nwanyị meworo okenye. Ọkpụkpụ na-agbaji ngwa ngwa. Mkpakọ mgbaji ọkpụkpụ nke vertebrae nwere ike ịkpata mgbu ma belata mmeghari ahụ.

Ọkpụkpụ akwara na-eme ka ike ọgwụgwụ, adịghị ike, ma belata ndidi ọrụ. Nsogbu nkwonkwo sitere na isi ike dị nro na ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo (osteoarthritis) dịkarịsịrị.

Ihe ize ndụ nke mmerụ ahụ na-abawanye n'ihi na mgbanwe gait, enweghị nkwarụ, na enweghị nguzozi nwere ike ibute ọdịda.

Olderfọdụ ndị agadi anaghị ele ihe anya otú ha si emebu. Nke a na-abụkarị ihe kpatara mgbanwe nke akwara na akwara, karịa mgbanwe na irighiri akwara. Mbelata ikpere ikpere ma ọ bụ nkwonkwo nkwonkwo ụkwụ nwere ike ime. Mgbanwe ụfọdụ, dịka ezi echiche Babinski dị mma, abụghị akụkụ nkịtị nke ịka nká.

Mmegharị na-enweghị isi (ahụ ịma jijiji na mmegharị ahụ a na-akpọ fasciculations) na-abụkarị ndị okenye. Ndị agadi na-adịghị arụ ọrụ nwere ike ịnwe adịghị ike ma ọ bụ mmetụta na-adịghị mma (paresthesias).

Ndị mmadụ na-enweghị ike imegharị onwe ha, ma ọ bụ ndị na-agbatị ahụ ha na mmega ahụ, nwere ike nweta nkwekọrịta anụ ahụ.

Mgbochi

Mmega ahụ bụ otu ụzọ dị mma iji belata ma ọ bụ gbochie nsogbu akwara, nkwonkwo, na ọkpụkpụ. Imega mmega ahụ gabigara ókè nwere ike inyere gị aka ịnọgide na-enwe ume, nguzozi, na mgbanwe. Mmega ahụ na-enyere ọkpụkpụ aka ike.

Gwa onye nlekọta ahụike gị tupu ịmalite mmemme mmega ahụ ọhụrụ.

Ọ dị mkpa iri nri na-edozi ahụ nke ọma na ọtụtụ calcium. Womenmụ nwanyị kwesịrị ịkpachara anya karịsịa iji nweta calcium na vitamin D zuru oke ka ha na-aka nká. Womenmụ nwanyị postmenopausal na ụmụ nwoke karịrị afọ 70 kwesịrị ịnara 1,200 mg nke calcium kwa ụbọchị. Womenmụ nwanyị na ndị nwoke gaferela afọ 70 kwesịrị ịnwe vitamin D nke ụwa 800 (IU) nke vitamin D kwa ụbọchị. Ọ bụrụ na ị nwere osteoporosis, gwa onye na-eweta gị gbasara ọgwụgwọ ọgwụ.

IHE D MERE

• Agka nká na-agbanwe n’arụ ahụ
• Ka nká na-agbanwe n’ime mmepụta hormone
• Ka nká na-agbanwe n’ahụ́, akwara, na sel
• Ingka nká na-agbanwe n’usoro ụjọ
• Calcium na-eri nri
• Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis na ịka nká; Adịghị ike nke akwara metụtara ịka nká; Ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo

• Ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo
• Ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo
• Osteoporosis
• Mgbanwe mgbanwe
• Ọdịdị nke nkwonkwo

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Uchechi CL. Ọkpụkpụ na nkwonkwo nkwonkwo. N'ime: Fillit HM, Rockwood K, Young J, eds. Akwụkwọ Brocklehurst nke Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: isi 20.

Walston JD. Ọrịa ndị a na-ahụkarị nke ịka nká. Na: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Ọgwụ Goldman-Cecil. Nke 26th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isi 22.

Weber TJ. Ọkpụkpụ. Na: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Ọgwụ Goldman-Cecil. Nke 26th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isi 230. Ngalaba Na-ahụ Maka Ahụ Ike na Ọrụ Ndị Ọrụ US. Instlọ Ọrụ Ahụike Mba, Office of Mmeju Mgbakwunye weebụsaịtị. Vitamin D: akwukwo eziokwu maka ndi okacha amara. ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminD-HealthProfessional. Emelitere September 11, 2020. Nabata September 27, 2020.