Pap ule

Nyocha Pap na-enyocha kansa cancer. A na-enyocha mkpụrụ ndụ ndị ehichara site na oghere nke cervix n'okpuru microscope. Cervix bụ akụkụ dị ala nke akpanwa (akpa nwa) nke na-emepe n'elu elu nke ikpu.

A na-akpọ ule a mgbe ụfọdụ Pap smear.

Dina n’elu tebụl ma tinye ụkwụ gị na mkpọtụ. Onye nlekọta ahụike gị jiri nwayọ tinye ihe akụrụngwa akpọrọ ihe edepụtara n'ime ikpu iji mepee ya obere. Nke a na-enye onye na-eweta ya ohere ịhụ n'ime ikpu na cervix.

A na-ehichapụ sel ndị si n ’ebe akpa nwa. A na-eziga mkpụrụ ndụ nke mkpụrụ ndụ na ụlọ nyocha maka nyocha.

Gwa onye na-enye gị ọgwụ niile ị na-a .ụ. Illsfọdụ ọgwụ nchịkwa ọmụmụ nwere estrogen ma ọ bụ progestin nwere ike imetụta nsonaazụ ule.

Gwa onye na - enye gị ọrụ ma ọ bụrụ na

• Enweela ule na-adịghị mma Pap
• Nwere ike ime

Emela ihe ndị a maka awa 24 tupu ule ahụ:

• Douche (ikpochapu emeghi)
• Nwee mmekọahụ
• Jiri tampon

Gbalịa ka ị ghara ịhazi ule Pap gị mgbe ị na-ahụ nsọ (na-ahụ nsọ). Ọbara nwere ike ime ka nsonaazụ Pap ahụ ghara izi ezi. Ọ bụrụ na ị na-enwe ọbara ọgbụgba na-atụghị anya ya, kagbuo ule gị. Onye na-enye gị ọrụ ga-ekpebi ma a ga-eme ule Pap ahụ.

Wepụ eriri afo gị tupu ule ahụ.

Nnwale Pap na-eme ka ọtụtụ erughị ala nye ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị. O nwere ike ịkpata ụfọdụ ahụ erughị ala, dị ka mgbu nke ịhụ nsọ. I nwekwara ike inwe nrụgide ụfọdụ n'oge ule ahụ.

I nwere ike igba obara obere oge nwale gi.

Nnwale Pap bụ ule nyochara maka ọrịa kansa cervical. Imirikiti ọrịa cancer na-ahụkarị nwere ike ịchọpụta n'oge ma ọ bụrụ na nwanyị na-enyocha ule Pap.

Nyocha kwesịrị ịmalite mgbe ọ dị afọ 21.

Mgbe ule mbu gachara:

• Kwesịrị ịnwale ule Pap kwa afọ atọ iji lelee kansa cancer.
• Ọ bụrụ na ị gafeela afọ 30 wee nwee nnwale HPV, ma ule Pap na ule HPV bụ ihe nkịtị, enwere ike ịnwale gị kwa afọ ise ọ bụla. HPV (mmadụ papillomavirus) bụ nje na-akpata akpụkpa n'ahụ nwoke na nwanyị na ọrịa kansa akpa nwa.
• Imirikiti ụmụ nwanyị nwere ike ịkwụsị ịnwale ule Pap mgbe ha gbasịrị afọ 65 ruo 70 ma ọ bụrụhaala na ha enweela nnwale 3 adịghị mma n'ime afọ 10 gara aga.

Nwere ike ọ gaghị adị mkpa ịnwale ule Pap ma ọ bụrụ na ịnweela hysterectomy zuru ezu (akpanwa na cervix wepụrụ) ma ịnwebeghị ule Pap na-adịghị ahụkebe, kansa cancer, ma ọ bụ ọrịa kansa pelvic ọzọ. Soro ndị na-eweta gị kwurịta ya.

Nsonaazụ nkịtị pụtara na enweghi mkpụrụ ndụ anaghị adị ugbu a. Nyocha Pap abụghị 100% ziri ezi. A pụrụ ịhapụ ọrịa cancer cancer na obere ọnụọgụ. Ọtụtụ oge, ọrịa cancer cervical na-amalite nwayọ nwayọ, na nyocha Pap na-esochi kwesịrị ịhụ mgbanwe ọ bụla na oge maka ọgwụgwọ.

A na-achịkọta nsonaazụ ndị na-adịghị mma dị ka ndị a:

ASCUS ma ọ bụ AGUS:

• Nsonaazụ a pụtara na e nwere mkpụrụ ndụ gbara gharịị, mana ejighị n'aka ma ọ bụ edoghị ihe mgbanwe ndị a pụtara.
• Mgbanwe ndị a nwere ike ịbụ n'ihi HPV.
• Ha nwere ike ịbụ n'ihi mbufụt nke ihe kpatara ya.
• Ha nwere ike ịbụ n'ihi enweghị estrogen dị ka ọ na-eme n'oge nrụrụ.
  
• Ha nwekwara ike ịpụta na enwere mgbanwe nke nwere ike ibute kansa.
• Mkpụrụ ndụ ndị a nwere ike bụrụ ihe dị mkpa ma ha nwere ike si na mpụga nke akpa nwa ma ọ bụ n'ime akpanwa.

LOW-GRADE DYSPLASIA (LSIL) MA Ọ B H ỌB HR--GRY DYSPLASIA (HSIL):

• Nke a pụtara mgbanwe ndị nwere ike ibute ọrịa kansa nọ.
• Ihe ize ndụ nke ịga n'ihu na ọrịa cancer cervical ka ukwuu na HSIL.

KATINOMA IN SITU (CIS):

• Nsonaazụ a na-apụtakarị na mgbanwe ndị na-adịghị mma nwere ike ibute ọrịa cancer akpa ma ọ bụrụ na agwọghị ya

AKWYKWỌ AKWQKWỌ KWES (R ((ASC):

• Achọpụtala mgbanwe na-adịghị mma na ọ nwere ike bụrụ HSIL

AKW GKWỌ AKW GKWỌ AHLAND (AGC):

• A na-ahụ mgbanwe mkpụrụ ndụ nke nwere ike ibute ọrịa kansa na akụkụ elu nke canal cervical ma ọ bụ n'ime akpanwa.

Mgbe ule Pap gosipụtara mgbanwe ndị na-adịghị mma, ọ dị mkpa ịnwale ma ọ bụ ịgbaso usoro. Nzọụkwụ ọzọ na-adabere na nsonaazụ ule Pap, akụkọ ihe mere eme gị gara aga nke ule Pap, yana ihe egwu ị nwere ike ịnwe maka ọrịa kansa cancer.

Maka obere mgbanwe mkpụrụ ndụ, ndị na-enye gị ga-akwado nyocha Pap ọzọ ma ọ bụ megharịa ule HPV na ọnwa isii ruo ọnwa iri na abụọ.

Nlere ule ma ọ bụ ọgwụgwọ nwere ike ịgụnye:

• Ihe mkpokọta a na - eme ka aru - Colposcopy bụ usoro a na - eme ka cervix dị ukwuu site na ihe binocular dịka akụrụngwa a na - akpọ colposcope. A na - enwetakarị obere biopsies n'oge usoro a iji chọpụta oke nsogbu ahụ.
• Nnwale HPV iji chọpụta maka ụdị nje virus HPV nwere ike ibute ọrịa kansa.
• Cervix mkpu.
• Cone biopsy.

Nnwale Papanicolaou; Pap smear; Nyocha nke ọrịa cancer nwa - ule Pap; Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia - Pap; CIN - Pap; Mgbanwe dị iche iche nke cervix - Pap; Ọrịa cancer akpa nwa - Pap; Ngwurugwu intraepithelial squamous - Pap; LSIL - Pap; HSIL - Pap; Akwụkwọ akara ala; Akwụkwọ ọkwa dị elu; Carcinoma in situ - Pap; CIS - Pap; ASCUS - Pap; Mkpụrụ ndụ gland nke gbara gharịị - Pap; AGUS - Pap; Mkpụrụ ndụ squamous atypical - Pap; HPV - Pap; Nje virus papilloma mmadụ - Pap cervix - Pap; Nkọwa - Pap

• Mmekpa ahụ nwa nwanyi
• Pap ihicha
• Akpankpu
• Cervical mbuze

Mahadum America nke Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Omume ngbasa ozi no. 140: njikwa nke ọrịa cancer na-ahụkarị nke na-ahụ maka ọrịa cancer na nsonaazụ cancer. (Egosiputara 2018) Obstet Gynecol. Ọrịa. 2013; 122 (6): 1338-1367. PMID: 24264713 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24264713/.

Mahadum America nke Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Omume ngbasa ozi no. 157: nyocha ọrịa cancer na mgbochi. Obstet Gynecol. 2016; 127 (1): e1-e20. PMID: 26695583 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26695583/.

American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ. Omume ndụmọdụ: nyocha ọrịa cancer cervical (melite). Ọgọst 29, 2018. www.acog.org/Clinical-Guidance-and-Publications/Practice-Advisories/Practice-Advisory-Cervical-Cancer-Screening-Update. Bipụtara August 29, 2018. Kwughachiri na November 8, 2019. Nabata March 17, 2020.

Newkirk GR. Pap smear na usoro ndị metụtara ya maka nyocha ọrịa cancer cancer. Na: Fowler GC, ed. Usoro Pfenninger na Fowler maka Nlekọta Isi. Agba nke anọ. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isi 120.

MP Salcedo, Baker ES, Schmeler KM. Intraepithelial neoplasia nke genital tract (cervix, ikpu, vulva): etiology, nyocha, nchoputa, njikwa. Na: Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, Lentz GM, Valea FA, eds. Gynecology zuru ezu. Nke 7. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: isi 28.

Saslow D, Solomon D, Lawson HW, et al. American Cancer Society, American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology, na American Society for Clinical Pathology screening ntuziaka maka mgbochi na nchọpụta mbụ nke ọrịa cancer cervical. CA Ọrịa cancer J. 2012; 62 (3): 147-172. PMID: 22422631 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22422631.

Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ US Preventive Services Task Force. Nkwupụta nkwanye ikpeazụ. Ọrịa cancer: nyocha. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/cervical-cancer-screening. Emelitere August 21, 2018. Nabata Jenụwarị 22, 2020.