Mkpụrụ akwụkwọ elu ikuku elu

Ugwu elu ikuku nke elu bụ ịwa ahụ iji wepu obere mpempe akwụkwọ site na imi, ọnụ, na akpịrị. A ga-enyocha anụ ahụ n'okpuru microscope site n'aka onye ọkachamara n'ọrịa.

Onye nlekọta ahụike ga-agba ọgwụ na-akụpụta ume n'ọnụ na akpịrị gị. A na-etinye tube tube iji gbochie ire gị n'ụzọ.

Ọgwụ ọzọ na-agwụ ike na-esite na tube na-agbada n'azụ akpịrị. Nke a nwere ike ime ka ị ghara ụkwara na mbụ. Mgbe ebe ahụ dị egwu ma ọ bụ aza, ọ na-ada ụda.

Onye na-eweta ọrụ na-eleba anya na mpaghara ahụ na-adịghị mma, ma wepu obere mpempe akwụkwọ. A na-eziga ya na ụlọ nyocha maka nyocha.

R NOTỌRỌ nri ruo awa 6 ruo 12 tupu ule ahụ.

Gwa onye na - enye gị ọrụ ma ọ bụrụ na ị were ihe na - eme ka ọbara dị gị mma, dịka aspirin, clopidogrel, ma ọ bụ warfarin, mgbe ị na - ahazi biopsy. Nwere ike ịkwụsị ịkwụsị ha obere oge. Akwụsịla ị takingụ ọgwụ ọ bụla n’ebughị ụzọ gwa onye na-eweta ọrụ gị okwu.

Ka a na-agụpụta ebe a, ị nwere ike inwe mmetụta na mmiri na-agbada n'azụ akpịrị gị. Nwere ike na-eche na ọ dị mkpa ka ụkwara ma ọ bụ gag. Ma i nwere ike inwe nrụgide ma ọ bụ mmetụ nwayọọ.

Mgbe ahịhịa ahụ kwụsịrị, akpịrị gị nwere ike ịdị na-afụ ụfụ ruo ọtụtụ ụbọchị. Mgbe ule ahụ gachara, ụkwara umeji azụ ga-alọghachi n’ime elekere 1 ruo 2. Mgbe ahụ i nwere ike iri nri na ị drinkụ ihe ọ normallyụ normallyụ.

Enwere ike ime ule a ma ọ bụrụ na onye na-eweta gị eche na nsogbu dị na ikuku elu gị. Enwere ike ịme ya na bronchoscopy.

Igwe elu ikuku dị elu dị nkịtị, na-enweghị uto na-adịghị mma.

Ọgba aghara ma ọ bụ ọnọdụ enwere ike ịchọpụta gụnyere:

• Benign (noncancerous) cysts ma ọ bụ ọtụtụ
• Ọrịa cancer
• Infectionsfọdụ na-efe efe
• Granulomas na mbufụt metụtara (nwere ike kpatara ụkwara nta)
• Nsogbu nke autoimmune, dị ka granulomatosis na polyangiitis
• Necrotizing vasculitis

Ihe ize ndụ maka usoro a gụnyere:

• Ọbara ọgbụgba (ụfọdụ ọbara ọgbụgba bụ ihe nkịtị, ọbara ọgbụgba abụghị)
• Nsogbu iku ume
• Akpịrị mgbu

E nwere ihe ize ndụ nke ịkpagbu ma ọ bụrụ na ilo mmiri ma ọ bụ nri tupu ụda ahụ apụ.

Biopsy - elu ikuku

• Ule elu ikuku
• Bronchoscopy
• Ọkpụkpụ akpịrị

Frew AJ, Doffman SR, Hurt K, Buxton-Thomas R. Ọrịa iku ume. Na: Kumar P, Clark M, ụmụ nwoke. Kumar na Clark’s Clinical Medicine. Agba nke 9. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: isi 24.

Mason JC. Ọrịa rheumatic na usoro obi. Na: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Ọrịa Obi Braunwald: Akwụkwọ ọgụgụ nke Ọgwụ Ọrịa Cardiovascular. Nke 11. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isi 94.

Yung RC, Nkịtị PW. Traosobronchial endoscopy. Na: Flint PW, Haughey BH, Lund V, et al, eds. Cummings Otolaryngology: Headwa Ahụ na olu. Nke isii. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: isi nke 72.