Ihe ndi Hemoglobin

Ihe ndi hemoglobin gbanwere dika hemoglobin. Hemoglobin bụ protein dị n’ime mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara uhie nke na-eme ka ikuku oxygen na carbon dioxide n’agbata ngụgụ na akwara ahụ.

Isiokwu a tụlere ule eji mara ma tụọ ọnụọgụ hemoglobin dị n'ọbara gị.

Emere ule a site na iji obere agịga iji kpokọta ọbara site na akwara ma ọ bụ akwara. Enwere ike ịnakọta ihe nlele ahụ site na akwara ma ọ bụ akwara na nkwojiaka, ukwu, ma ọ bụ ogwe aka.

Tupu a mịnye ọbara, onye nlekọta ahụike nwere ike ịnwale ịgbasa na aka (ọ bụrụ na nkwojiaka bụ saịtị ahụ). Mgbe a dọtara ọbara ahụ, nrụgide e tinyere n’ebe a na-adọpu ahụ maka minit ole na ole na-akwụsị ọbara ọgbụgba ahụ.

Enweghị mkpa pụrụ iche.

Maka ụmụaka, ọ ga-enye aka ịkọwa otu mmetụta ule ahụ ga-adị na ihe kpatara ya. Nke a nwere ike ime ka ahụ́ ghara iru nwatakịrị ala.

May nwere ike ịnwe obere ihe mgbu ma ọ bụ gbaa mgbe etinyere agịga ahụ. May nwekwara ike na-eche ụfọdụ throbbing na saịtị ahụ mgbe ọbara amịrị.

A na-eji ihe anakpo carboxyhemoglobin achọpụta ọrịa ọjọọ carbon monoxide. A na-ejikwa ya iji chọpụta mgbanwe hemoglobin nke nwere ike ịpụta na ụfọdụ ọgwụ. Chemicalsfọdụ ọgwụ ma ọ bụ ọgwụ nwere ike ịgbanwe haemoglobin ya mere na ọ naghị arụ ọrụ ọfụma.

Formsdị na-adịghị mma nke hemoglobin gụnyere:

• Carboxyhemoglobin: Andị hamoglobin na-adịghị ahụkebe nke jikọtara na carbon monoxide kama ikuku oxygen ma ọ bụ carbon dioxide. Nnukwu ụdị hemoglobin na-adịghị mma na-egbochi ikuku oxygen site n'ọbara.
• Sulfhemoglobin: Adị hamoglobin na-adịghị ahụkebe nke na-enweghị ike iburu oxygen. O nwere ike ibute ụfọdụ ọgwụ dịka dapsone, metoclopramide, nitrates or sulfonamides.
• Methemoglobin: Nsogbu na-adị mgbe a gbanwere ígwè nke so na haemoglobin ka ọ ghara ibu ezigbo oxygen. Drugsfọdụ ọgwụ na ihe ndị ọzọ dị ka nitrites webatara n’ọbara nwere ike ibute nsogbu a.

Followingkpụrụ ndị a na-anọchite anya pasent nke nkwekọrịta hemoglobin dabere na mkpokọta haemoglobin:

• Carboxyhemoglobin - ihe na-erughị 1.5% (mana ọ nwere ike ịdị elu dịka 9% na ndị na-ese anwụrụ ọkụ)
• Methemoglobin - ihe na-erughị 2%
• Sulfhemoglobin - enweghị ike ịchọpụta

Usoro ntanetị dị iche iche nwere ike ịdịtụ iche n'etiti ụlọ nyocha dị iche iche. Gwa onye na - enye gị ọrụ gbasara ihe nyocha gị pụtara.

Ihe atụ ndị dị n'elu na-egosi nha nkịtị maka nsonaazụ maka ule ndị a. Fọdụ ụlọ nyocha na-eji nha dị iche iche ma ọ bụ nwee ike ịnwale ụdị dị iche iche.

Ihe mgbakwasị ụkwụ hemoglobin nwere ike ibute nnukwu nsogbu ahụike. Formsdị haemoglobin ndị gbanwere adịghị ekwe ka a kpalie oxygen n'ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị site n'ahụ ya. Nke a nwere ike ibute ọnwụ anụ ahụ.

Valueskpụrụ ndị a, ewezuga sulfhemoglobin, na-anọchite anya pacenti hemoglobin sitere na haemoglobin zuru ezu.

Carboxyhemoglobin:

• 10% ruo 20% - ihe mgbaàmà nke nsi carbon monoxide bidoro ịpụta
• 30% - oke nsi carbon monoxide dị ugbu a
• 50% gaa na 80% - na - ebute nsị carbon monoxide nwere ike igbu mmadụ

Methemoglobin:

• 10% gaa na 25% - na - ebute agba akpụkpọ (cyanosis)
• 35% na 40% - na - ebute mkpụmkpụ ume na isi ọwụwa
• Ihe karịrị 60% - na - ebute ike ọgwụgwụ na nzuzu
• Ihe karịrị 70% - nwere ike ịnwụ

Sulfhemoglobin:

• Kpụrụ nke 10 gram kwa deciliter (g / dL) ma ọ bụ 6.2 millimoles kwa lita (mmol / L) na-akpata ụcha akpụkpọ ahụ na-acha uhie uhie n'ihi enweghị oxygen (cyanosis), mana anaghị ebute ọtụtụ ihe na-emerụ ahụ.

Methemoglobin; Carboxyhemoglobin; Sulfhemoglobin

• Nnwale ọbara

Benz EJ, Ebert BL. Hemoglobin dị iche iche metụtara heemlytic anaemia, gbanwere njikọta oxygen, na methemoglobinemias. Na: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, ndị ọzọ. Hematology: ickpụrụ na Omume. Nke 7. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isi 43.

Bunn HF. Bịakwute anemias. Na: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Ọgwụ Goldman-Cecil. Nke iri abụọ na ise. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isi 158.

Christiani DC. Mmetụta anụ ahụ na kemịkal nke ngụgụ. Na: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Ọgwụ Goldman-Cecil. Nke iri abụọ na ise. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isi 94.

Nelson LS, Ford MD. Nnukwu egbu egbu. Na: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Ọgwụ Goldman-Cecil. Nke iri abụọ na ise. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isi 110.

Vajpayee N, Graham SS, Bem S. Nnyocha nyocha nke ọbara na ụmị ọkpụkpụ. Na: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry’s Clinical Diagnosis and Management site na Labozọ Laboratory. 23 nke ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: isi 30.