Hyperthyroidism

Hyperthyroidism bụ ọnọdụ nke thyroid gland na-eme ọtụtụ hormone thyroid. A na-akpọkarị ọnọdụ ahụ oke thyroid.

The thyroid gland bụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke usoro endocrine. Ọ dị na n'ihu olu dị n'elu ebe akwa gị. Gland na - emeputa homonụ nke na - achịkwa etu sel ọ bụla n’ime ahụ ji arụ ọrụ. A na-akpọ usoro a metabolism.

Ọtụtụ ọrịa na ọnọdụ nwere ike ibute hyperthyroidism, gụnyere:

• Ọrịa ili (ihe kachasị akpata hyperthyroidism)
• Mbufụt (thyroiditis) nke thyroid n'ihi ọrịa nje, ụfọdụ ọgwụ, ma ọ bụ mgbe ime ime (nkịtị)
• Na-ewere oke hormone thyroid (nkịtị)
• Ọrịa na-adịghị na ya nke gland thyroid ma ọ bụ pituitary gland (obere)
• Tumfọdụ etuto ahụ nke ule ma ọ bụ ovaries (obere)
• Testsnweta ule nyocha ahụike na agba dị iche iche nwere ayodiin (obere, ma ọ bụrụ na enwere nsogbu na thyroid)
• Iri oke nri nwere iodine (ọ dị obere, ma ọ bụrụ na enwere nsogbu na thyroid)

Mgbaàmà ndị a na-ahụkarị gụnyere:

• Nchegbu
• Ihe isi ike
• Ike ọgwụgwụ
• Mmeghari afọ
• Goiter (a na-ahụ anya na ọ na-ebuwanye ibu) ma ọ bụ thyroid nodules
• Ntutu ntutu
• Aka jijiji
• Okpomọkụ ekweghị
• Enwekwu agụụ
• Mmiri na-agba agba
• Oge ezumike oge ụfọdụ na ụmụ nwanyị
• Ntu mgbanwe (ọkpụrụkpụ ma ọ bụ flaking)
• Ahụhụ
• Pounding ma ọ bụ ọduọ obi otiti (palpitations)
• Erughị ala
• Nsogbu ihi ụra
• Ọnwụ ọnwụ (ma ọ bụ uru bara uru, n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ)

Mgbaàmà ndị ọzọ nwere ike ịpụta na ọrịa a:

• Ara mmepe na ụmụ nwoke
• Clammy akpụkpọ
• Afọ ọsịsa
• Ike gwụrụ gị mgbe ị weliri aka gị
• Ọbara mgbali elu
• Anya ojoo ma obu iwe
• Akpụkpọ anụ
• Ọgbọ na ọgbụgbọ
• Anya na-adọkpụ (exophthalmos)
• Icha akpụkpọ anụ ma ọ bụ ịchacha
• Akpukpo aru na shins
• Adịghị ike nke ukwu na ubu

Onye nlekọta ahụike ga-eme nyocha anụ ahụ. Ule ahụ nwere ike ịchọta ihe ndị a:

• Ọbara mgbali elu nke systolic (ọnụọgụgụ mbụ na ọnụọgụ ọbara mgbali elu)
• Enwekwu obi uto
• Thyroidba ụba gland
• N'ikwe aka
• Mgbapu ma ọ bụ mbufụt gburugburu anya
• Mgbanwe siri ike
• Akpụkpọ ahụ, ntutu, na ntu na-agbanwe

A na-enyekwa ọbara nyocha iji tụọ gị hormones thyroid TSH, T3, na T4.

Inwere ike ịnwale ule ọbara iji lelee:

• Cholesterol etoju
• Glucose
• Pụrụ iche thyroid ule dị ka Thyroid ihe nnabata antibody (TRAb) ma ọ bụ Thyroid na-akpali akpali Immunoglobulin (TSI)

Enwere ike ịchọ ule nyocha nke thyroid, gụnyere:

• Iri iodine na-arụ ọrụ na redio
• Thyroid ultrasound (adịkarịghị)

Ọgwụgwọ dabere na ihe kpatara na oke mgbaàmà.A na-ejikarị Hyperthyroidism agwọ otu ma ọ bụ karịa n'ime ihe ndị a:

• Antithyroid ọgwụ (propylthiouracil ma ọ bụ methimazole) nke na-ebelata ma ọ bụ gbochie mmetụta nke mgbakwunye thyroid hormone
• Iodine redioactive na-ebibi gland thyroid ma kwụsịkwa mmepụta oke nke homonụ
• Gerywa ahụ iji wepu thyroid

Ọ bụrụ na ewepụ gị thyroid na ịwa ahụ ma ọ bụ bibie ya na redioactive iodine, ị ga-ewere mkpụrụ ọgwụ na-agbanwe ọgwụ thyroid maka ndụ gị niile.

Ọgwụ ndị akpọrọ beta-blockers nwere ike ịde iji gwọọ ihe mgbaàmà dịka obi ọsọ ọsọ, ịma jijiji, ọsụsọ na nchekasị ruo mgbe enwere ike ịchịkwa hyperthyroidism.

Hyperthyroidism bụ ọgwụgwọ. Causesfọdụ ihe nwere ike ịpụ n'enweghị ọgwụgwọ.

Hyperthyroidism nke ọrịa Graves kpatara na-akawanye njọ karịa oge. O nwere ọtụtụ nsogbu, ụfọdụ n'ime ha siri ike ma na-emetụta ndụ mmadụ.

Nsogbu thyroid gị (oké ifufe) bụ njọ na mberede nke mgbaàmà hyperthyroidism nke nwere ike ibute na ọrịa ma ọ bụ nrụgide. Ahụ ọkụ, mbelata ịmụrụ anya, na mgbu afọ nwere ike ime. Ekwesiri ịgwọ ndị mmadụ n'ụlọ ọgwụ.

Nsogbu ndị ọzọ nke hyperthyroidism gụnyere:

• Nsogbu obi dika nkpu obi ososo, ukwe obi na adighi nma, na obi ida
• Osteoporosis
• Ọrịa anya (ọhụụ abụọ, ọnya nke cornea, ọhụụ ọhụụ)

Complicationswa ahụ metụtara nsogbu, gụnyere:

• Ichapu olu
• Hoarseness n'ihi irighiri akwara na igbe olu
• Obere ala calcium n'ihi mmebi nke parathyroid glands (nke di nso na gland thyroid)
• Hypothyroidism (adịghị arụ ọrụ thyroid)

Useụ sịga nwere ike ime ka ụfọdụ nsogbu nke hyperthyroidism ka njọ.

Kpọọ onye na-eweta gị ma ọ bụrụ na ị nwere mgbaàmà nke hyperthyroidism. Gaa na ụlọ mberede ma ọ bụ kpọọ 911 ma ọ bụ nọmba mberede mpaghara ma ọ bụrụ na ịnwee:

• Gbanwee na uche
• Dizzziness
• Otito, oge ufodu obi otiti

Kpọọ onye na-eweta gị ma ọ bụrụ na a na-agwọ gị maka hyperthyroidism ma ị mepee ihe mgbaàmà nke enweghị ọgwụ thyroid, gụnyere:

• Nsogbu
• Ume nke uche na nke aru
• Ibu ibu

Thyrotoxicosis; Oroid na-arụ ọrụ; Ọrịa ili - hyperthyroidism; Thyroiditis - hyperthyroidism; Ọrịa na-egbu egbu - hyperthyroidism; Nodules Thyroid - hyperthyroidism; Thyroid hormone - hyperthyroidism

• Thyroid gland iwepụ - nhapu

• Ọgwụ endocrine
• Goiter
• Brain-thyroid njikọ
• Gland gland

Hollenberg A, Wiersinga WM. Nsogbu Hyperthyroid. Na: Melmed S, Auchus, RJ, Goldfine AB, Koenig RJ, Rosen CJ, eds. Akwụkwọ ọgụgụ Williams nke Endocrinology. Nke iri na anọ. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isi 12.

Ross DS, Burch HB, Cooper DS, et al. Ọzọ Nchịkọta 2016 American Thyroid Association maka nyocha na njikwa nke hyperthyroidism na ihe ndị ọzọ na-akpata thyrotoxicosis. Thyroid. 2016; 26 (10): 1343-1421. PMID: 27521067 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27521067/.

Wang TS, Sosa JA. Nchịkwa nke hyperthyroidism. Na: Cameron AM, Cameron JL, eds. Usoro ọgwụgwọ ịwa ahụ ugbu a. Nke 13. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: 767-774.

Weiss RE, Refetoff S. Thyroid function testing. Na: Jameson JL, De Groot LJ, de Kretser DM, et al, ndị ọzọ. Endocrinology: Okenye na Ọrịa edimụaka. Nke 7. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isi 78.