Antiplatelet ọgwụ - P2Y12 inhibitors

Platelet bụ mkpụrụ ndụ pere mpe n’ọbara gị nke ahụ gị ji eme mkpụkọ mkpụkọ ma kwụsị ọbara ọgbụgba. Ọ bụrụ na platelet gị karịrị akarị ma ọ bụ platelet gị na-ejikọ ọnụ gabiga ókè, o yikarịrị ka ị ga-etolite. Ihe nkedo a nwere ike ime n’ime akwara gị ma duga nkụchi obi ma ọ bụ ọrịa strok.

Antiplatelet ọgwụ na-arụ ọrụ iji mee ka platelet gị ghara ịrapara ma si otú ahụ na-enyere aka igbochi mkpụkọ ọbara n'ime akwara gị.

• Aspirin bụ ọgwụ na-egbochi ọgwụ mgbochi enwere ike iji mee ihe.
• Ndị na-egbochi P2Y12 ndị na-anabata ihe bụ akụkụ ọzọ nke ọgwụ antiplatelet. Otu ọgwụ a gụnyere: clopidogrel, ticlopidine, ticagrelor, prasugrel na cangrelor.

Enwere ike iji ọgwụ antiplatelet mee ihe iji:

• Gbochie nkụchi obi ma ọ bụ ọrịa strok maka ndị nwere PAD.
• Enwere ike iji Clopidogrel (Plavix, ọnụọgụ) n'ọnọdụ ọgwụ aspirin maka ndị na-emechi akwara akwara ma ọ bụ ndị etinyere stent.
• Mgbe ụfọdụ a na-enye ọgwụ ọgwụ mgbochi 2 (otu n'ime ha bụ aspirin oge niile) maka ndị nwere angina na-adịghị agbanwe agbanwe, nnukwu ọrịa obi na-arịa ọrịa (angina na-ejighị n'aka ma ọ bụ ihe ịrịba ama mbụ nke nkụchi obi), ma ọ bụ ndị natara ntanye n'oge PCI.
• Maka mgbochi ọrịa obi na mgbochi nke abụọ, ọgwụ aspirin kwa ụbọchị bụ nhọrọ mbụ maka ọgwụgwọ antiplatelet. E nyere ọgwụ ọgwụ “Clopidogrel” ọgwụ aspirin maka ndị na-arịa ọrịa aspirin ma ọ bụ ndị na-apụghị anabata ọgwụ aspirin.
• P Asụ Ọgwụ Aspirin na nke abụọ antiplatelet ọgwụ na-na-na-atụ aro ka ndị mmadụ na-aga angioplasty na ma ọ bụ na-enweghị stent.
• Gbochie ma ọ bụ gwọọ nkụchi obi.
• Gbochie ọrịa strok ma ọ bụ nke na-agaghị akwụsị akwụsị (TIA bụ ihe ịrịba ama ịdọ aka na ntị mbụ nke ọrịa strok. A na-akpọkwa ha "obere-strok.")
• Gbochie mkpụkọ site na ịmalite n'ime stents tinye n'ime akwara gị iji meghee ha.
• Ọrịa obi nnukwu.
• Mgbe ịwachara ịwa ahụ nke na-eji aka mmadụ mere ma ọ bụ nke ejiri aka ya rụọ na akwara dị n'okpuru ikpere.

Onye nlekọta ahụike gị ga-ahọrọ otu n’ime ọgwụ ndị a kachasị mma maka nsogbu gị. N'oge ụfọdụ, enwere ike ịgwa gị ka ị were ọgwụ aspirin dị obere yana otu n'ime ọgwụ ndị a.

Mmetụta nke ọgwụ a nwere ike ịgụnye:

• Afọ ọsịsa
• Itching
• Ọgbụgbọ
• Akpụkpọ anụ
• Afọ mgbu

Tupu ịmalite ị takingụ ọgwụ ndị a, gwa onye na-eweta ọrụ gị ma ọ bụrụ:

• Have nwere nsogbu ọbara ọgbụgba ma ọ bụ ọnya afọ.
• Are dị ime, na-ezube ịtụrụ ime, ma ọ bụ na-enye nwa ara.

E nwere ọtụtụ mmetụta ndị ọzọ enwere ike, dabere na ọgwụ enyere gị aka. Ọmụmaatụ:

• Ticlopidine nwere ike ibute ọnụọgụ ọbara dị oke ala ma ọ bụ nsogbu mgbochi nke na-ebibi platelet.
• Ticagrelor nwere ike ibute ngosipụta nke mkpụmkpụ nke ume.

A na-ewere ọgwụ a dị ka ọgwụ. Onye na-eweta gị nwere ike igbanwe ọgwụ gị site n’oge ruo n’oge.

Were ọgwụ a na nri na ọtụtụ mmiri iji belata mmetụta. Nwere ike ịkwụsị ị cloụ clopidogrel tupu ịwa ahụ ma ọ bụ ọrụ eze. Akwụsịla ị takingụ ọgwụ gị n'ebughị ụzọ gwa onye na-enye gị ọgwụ.

Soro ndị na-ahụ gị ọrụ kwurita tupu ị anyụọ ọgwụ ọ bụla

• Heparin na ndị ọzọ na-edozi ahụ, dị ka warfarin (Coumadin)
• Mgbu ma ọ bụ ọgwụ ogbu na nkwonkwo (dị ka diclofenac, etodolac, ibuprofen, indomethacin, Advil, Aleve, Daypro, Dolobid, Feldene, Indocin, Motrin, Orudis, Relafen, ma ọ bụ Voltaren)
• Phenytoin (Dilantin), tamoxifen (Nolvadex, Soltamox), tolbutamide (Orinase), ma ọ bụ torsemide (Demadex)

Aụla ọgwụ ndị ọzọ nwere ike ịnwe ọgwụ aspirin ma ọ bụ ibuprofen n'ime ha tupu gị na ndị na-eweta gị ekwurịta okwu. Guo ihe edere na ogwu ogwu na ogwu ogwu. Jụọ ọgwụ ndị ọzọ dị mma maka ị ga-a takeụ maka ụfụ na ihe mgbu, oyi, ma ọ bụ flu.

Ọ bụrụ n'inwere ụdị usoro ịhazi, ị nwere ike ịkwụsị ọgwụ ndị a 5 ruo ụbọchị 7 tupu aka. Agbanyeghị, buru ụzọ lelee onye na-eweta ọrụ gị mbụ ma ọ dị mma ịkwụsị.

Gwa onye na-enye gị ọrụ ma ọ bụrụ na ị dị ime ma ọ bụ na ị chọrọ ịtụrụ ime, ma ọ bụ na-enye nwa ara ma ọ bụ na-ezube ara. Womenmụ nwanyị nọ n'afọ nke ikpeazụ nke afọ ime ekwesịghị ị cloụ clopidogrel. Enwere ike inyefe ụmụ ọhụrụ Clopidogrel site na mmiri ara ara.

Soro onye na - eweta gị kwurịtara okwu ma ọ bụrụ na ịnwere ọrịa imeju ma ọ bụ nke akụrụ.

Ọ bụrụ n 'ịhapụ ọgwụ:

• Were ya ozugbo enwere ike, belụsọ ma oge eruola maka ọgwụ gị ọzọ.
• Ọ bụrụ na ọ bụ oge maka ọgwụ gị ọzọ, were ego ole ị na-emebu.
• Ewerela ọgwụ ọzọ iji mezuo ọgwụ ị tụfuru, belụsọ na dọkịta gị agwa gị.

Chekwaa ọgwụ ndị a na ọgwụ ndị ọzọ niile n’ebe oyi na nkụ. Debe ha ebe ụmụaka na-enweghị ike ịgakwuru ha.

Kpọọ ma ọ bụrụ na ị nwere nke ọ bụla n'ime nsonaazụ ndị a ma ha anaghị aga:

• Ihe ịrịba ama ọ bụla nke ọbara ọgbụgba na-adịghị ahụkebe, dịka ọbara na mmamịrị ma ọ bụ stools, imi imi, mmerụ ọ bụla na-adịghị ahụkebe, nnukwu ọbara ọgbụgba site na ọnya, akwa oche ojii, ụkwara ọbara, dị arọ karịa ọbara ọgbụgba mbụ ma ọ bụ ọbara ọgbụgba na-atụghị anya ya, agbọ agbọ nke yiri ka kọfị
• Dizzziness
• Nsogbu ilo
• Mgbuo n'obi gị ma ọ bụ obi mgbu
• Ellingza ihu gị ma ọ bụ aka gị
• Itching, hives, ma ọ bụ tingling na ihu ma ọ bụ aka
• Iku ume ma ọ bụ ike iku ume
• Ezigbo ụfụ afọ mgbu
• Akpụkpọ anụ

Ndị na-edozi ọbara - clopidogrel; Ọgwụ mgbochi - clopidogrel; Thienopyridines

• Ihe e dere ede na akwara

Abraham NS, Hlatky MA, Antman EM, et al. Ọzọ ACCF / ACG / AHA 2010 akwukwo ndi mmadu kwenyere na ojiji nke ndi proton pump inhibitors na thienopyridines: ihe omuma nke ACCF / ACG / AHA 2008 nke ndi okacha amara banyere iwelata ihe ojoo nke oria ogwu na NSAID jiri: akuko nke Collegelọ Ọrụ American College of Cardiology Foundation Task Force na Expert Consensus Documents. J Am Coll Cardiol. Ọrịa. 2010; 56 (24): 2051-2066. PMID: 21126648 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21126648/.

Fihn SD, Blankenship JC, Alexander KP, et al. Ọgwụgwọ 2014 ACC / AHA / AATS / PCNA / SCAI / STS lekwasịrị anya melite nke ntuziaka maka nyocha na njikwa nke ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa obi obi ala: akụkọ nke kọleji American Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines, na Associationtù Na-ahụ Maka Ọrịa Na-ahụ Maka Ahụhụ nke America, Association nke Nọọsụ Na-egbochi Ọrịa, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Intercepts, na Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Mgbaghari. 2014; 130: 1749-1767. PMID: 25070666 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25070666/.

Goldstein LB. Mgbochi na njikwa nke ọrịa strok. Na: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Ọrịa Obi Braunwald: Akwụkwọ ọgụgụ nke Ọgwụ Ọrịa Cardiovascular. Nke 11. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isi 65.

Jenụwarị CT, Wann LS, Alpert JS, et al. Ntuziaka 2014 AHA / ACC / HRS maka njikwa nke ndị ọrịa nwere nsogbu atrial: akụkọ nke American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014; 64 (21): e1-e76. PMID: 24685669 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24685669/.

Mauri L, Bhatt DL. Percutaneous akwara ọsọ enyemaka. Na: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Ọrịa Obi Braunwald: Akwụkwọ ọgụgụ nke Ọgwụ Ọrịa Cardiovascular. Nke 11. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isi 62.

Meschia JF, Bushnell C, Boden-Albala B, et al. Ọzọ Ntuziaka maka mgbochi mbụ nke ọrịa strok: nkwupụta maka ndị ọkachamara ahụike sitere na American Heart Association / American Stroke Association. Ọkụ. 2014; 45 (12): 3754-3832. PMID: 25355838 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25355838/.

Morrow DA, de Lemos JA. Ọrịa obi obi. Na: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Ọrịa Obi Braunwald: Akwụkwọ ọgụgụ nke Ọgwụ Ọrịa Cardiovascular. Nke 11. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isi 61.

Ike WJ, Rabinstein AA, Ackerson T, et al. Ntuziaka maka nlekọta oge mbụ nke ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa strok na-egbu egbu: 2019 melite na 2018 Ntuziaka maka nchịkwa mbụ nke ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa strok dị oke njọ: nduzi maka ndị ọkachamara ahụike sitere na American Heart Association / American Stroke Association. Ọkụ. Nta. 2019; 50 (12): e344-e418. PMID: 31662037 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31662037/.

• Angina
• Angioplasty na stent - ntinye carotid
• Angioplasty na stent ọnyịnya - akwara akwara
• Surgerywa ahụ valvụ aortic - mmachi pere mpe
• Surgerywa ahụ nke aortic - meghere
• Usoro mkpochapu obi
• Surgerywa ahụ akwara Carotid - meghee
• Ọrịa akpa ume na-adịghị ala ala (COPD)
• Ọrịa obi
• Surgerywa ahụ nke obi
• Surgerywa ahụ nke obi - obere mbibi
• Obi mgbawa
• Obi obi
• Ọbara cholesterol dị elu
• Ọbara mgbali elu - ndị okenye
• Akụrụngwa akụrụngwa-defibrillator
• Surgerywa ahụ valvụ mitral - nke na-enweghị oke mbuso agha
• Mitral ịwa ahụ ịwa ahụ - oghe
• Okirikiri akwara uzo - ụkwụ
• Mkpụrụ obi akwara - ụkwụ

• Angina - ihapu
• Angioplasty na stent - obi - nhapu
• Angioplasty na stent - ọnya carotid - ihapu
• Angioplasty na stent - ntinye akụkụ - akwara
• Pụ Ọgwụ Aspirin na ọrịa obi
• Atrial fibrillation - ihapu
• Na-arụsi ọrụ ike mgbe ị nwere ọrịa obi
• Cardiac catheterization - igbapu
• Carotid artery artery - ihapu
• Rollingchịkwa ọbara mgbali elu gị
• Ọrịa shuga - igbochi nkụchi obi na ọrịa strok
• Mwakpo obi - nhapu
• Obi uzo ịwa ahụ - ihapu
• Surgerywa obi na - aga ije - obere mbibi - nhapu
• Obi odida - ihapu
• Surgerywa ahụ valvụ obi - ihapu
• Okirikiri akwara uzo - ụkwụ - ihapu
• Ọkụ - ihapu

• Ọbara Ọbara