Kedu ihe bụ Hemostasis na otu o si eme

Ndinaya

• Kedu hemostasis si eme
• 1. Isi hemostasis
• 2. Hemostasis nke abụọ
• 3. Fibrinolysis
• Otu esi amata mgbanwe na hemostasis

Hemostasis kwekọrọ n'usoro usoro nke na-eme n'ime arịa ọbara nke na-ezube idobe mmiri ọbara, n'emepụta mkpịsị ma ọ bụ ọbara ọgbụgba.

N'eziokwu, hemostasis na-eme na nkebi atọ nke na-eme n'ụzọ ọsọ ọsọ na nke achikota na ọkachasị platelet na protein ndị metụtara coagulation na fibrinolysis.

Kedu hemostasis si eme

Hemostasis na-eme nke ọma na nke atọ nke dabere ma na-eme n'otu oge.

1. Isi hemostasis

Hemostasis na-amalite ozugbo eriri ọbara mebiri emebi. Na nzaghachi maka mmerụ ahụ, vasoconstriction nke arịa merụrụ ahụ na-eme iji belata ọbara ọbara mpaghara wee si otú a gbochie ọbara ọgbụgba ma ọ bụ thrombosis.

N'otu oge ahụ, platelet na-arụ ọrụ ma na-arapara na arịa endothelium site na von Willebrand factor. Platelet ndị ahụ gbanwere ọdịdị ha ka ha nwee ike ịhapụ ọdịnaya ha na plasma, nke nwere ọrụ nke iwebata platelet ndị ọzọ na saịtị nke ọnya ahụ, wee malite ịrapara na ibe ha, na-etolite isi platelet, nke nwere nwa oge mmetụta.

Mụtakwuo banyere platelet na ọrụ ha.

2. Hemostasis nke abụọ

N'otu oge ahụ dị ka isi hemostasis na-eme, a na-arụ ọrụ casag na-arụ ọrụ, na-eme ka ndị na-edozi ahụ maka coagulation rụọ ọrụ. N'ihi coagulation cascade, ụdị fibrin, nke nwere ọrụ nke iwusi plọlet platelet mbụ, na-eme ka ọ kwụsie ike.

Ihe na-akpata coagulation bụ protein nke na - agagharị n'ọbara na arụghị ọrụ ya, mana a na - arụ ọrụ dịka mkpa anụ ahụ si nwee ma bụrụ ebumnuche ha kachasị mgbanwe nke fibrinogen n'ime fibrin, nke dị mkpa maka usoro nkwụsị ọbara.

3. Fibrinolysis

Fibrinolysis bụ usoro nke atọ nke hemostasis ma nwee usoro nke iji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-ebibi eriri hemostatic iji weghachi ọbara kwesịrị ekwesị. Usoro a bụ mgbasa ozi site na plasmin, nke bụ protein sitere na plasminogen na ọrụ ya bụ ibibi fibrin.

Otu esi amata mgbanwe na hemostasis

Enwere ike ịchọpụta mgbanwe hemostasis site na nyocha ọbara dị iche iche, dịka:

• Oge igba ọbara (TS): Ule a bu ịlele oge mgbe hemostasis na-eme ma nwee ike ime ya site na obere oghere na ntị, dịka ọmụmaatụ. Site na nsonaazụ nke oge ọgbụgba ahụ, ọ ga-ekwe omume ịtụle hemostasis mbụ, ya bụ, ma platelet ahụ enwere ọrụ zuru oke. N'agbanyeghị ịbụ ule a na-ejikarị eme ihe, usoro a nwere ike ịkpata ahụ erughị ala, ọkachasị ụmụaka, ebe ọ dị mkpa ịme obere oghere na ntị ma nwee njikọ dị ala na ọnọdụ ọbara ọgbụgba nke onye ahụ;
• Nlekọta nchịkọta nke platelet: Site na nyocha a, ọ ga-ekwe omume inyocha ikike nchịkọta platelet, ọ bakwara uru dị ka ụzọ esi enyocha isi hemostasis. A na-ekpughere platelet onye ahụ na ihe dị iche iche nwere ike ibute nsị na nsonaazụ ya nwere ike hụ na ngwaọrụ nke na-atụle ogo nke platelet aggregation;
• Oge Prothrombin (TP): Nnwale a na-enyocha ikike ọbara nwere ịkpụkọ site na-akpali otu n'ime ụzọ dị na coagulation cascade, ụzọ dịpụrụ adịpụ. Ya mere, ọ na-enyocha oge ole ọ na-ewe ọbara iji mepụta plọg hemostatic nke abụọ. Ghọta ihe nyocha Prothrombin Time bụ na otu esi eme ya;
• Oge Ọrụ Thromboplastin Arụ Ọrụ (APTT): Ule a na-enyocha hemostasis nke abụọ, agbanyeghị na ọ na-enyocha arụmọrụ nke ihe coagulation dị na ụzọ nke coagulation cascade;
• Fibrinogen usoro onunu ogwu: A na-eme nyocha a na ebumnuche nke ịchọpụta ma ọ bụrụ na enwere ọnụọgụ zuru ezu nke fibrinogen nke nwere ike iji mepụta fibrin.

Na mgbakwunye na nyocha ndị a, dọkịta nwere ike ịkwado ndị ọzọ, dị ka nha nke ihe ndị na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ, dịka ọmụmaatụ, ka o wee nwee ike ịmara ma ọ bụrụ na erughi ihe ọ bụla na-eme ka eriri afọ nwere ike igbochi usoro nke hemostasis.