Nyocha ahụike maka ụmụ nwanyị dị afọ 40 ruo 64

Ikwesiri ileta onye nlekọta ahụike gị site n’oge ruo n’oge, ọ bụrụgodi na ahụ siri gị ike. Ebumnuche nke nleta ndị a bụ:

• Ihuenyo maka nsogbu ahụike
• Nyochaa ihe ize ndụ gị maka nsogbu ahụike n'ọdịnihu
• Gbaa ndụ dị mma
• Melite ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi
• Nyere gị aka ịmata onye na-enye gị ọrụ maka ọrịa

Ọbụna ma ọ bụrụ na obi dị gị mma, ị ka ga-ahụ onye na-eweta gị maka nlele oge niile. Nleta ndị a nwere ike inyere gị aka izere nsogbu n'ọdịnihu. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, naanị otu ụzọ iji chọpụta ma enwere ọbara mgbali elu bụ ịnyocha ya oge niile. Ọbara shuga dị elu na ọkwa cholesterol dị elu nwekwara ike ọ gaghị enwe mgbaàmà ọ bụla na mbido. Nnyocha ọbara dị mfe nwere ike ịlele maka ọnọdụ ndị a.

Enwere oge akọwapụtara mgbe ị kwesịrị ịhụ onye na-eweta gị. N'okpuru ebe a bụ ntuziaka nyocha maka ụmụ nwanyị dị afọ 40 ruo 64.

IHE MGBE OWO NA-EME

• Mee ka ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ ọbara gị ji erugharị dịkarịa ala otu ugboro kwa afọ abụọ. Ọ bụrụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu (nọmba systolic) sitere na 120 ruo 139 mm Hg, ma ọ bụ nọmba ala (nọmba diastolic) sitere na 80 ruo 89 mm Hg, ịkwesịrị ka enyocha ya kwa afọ.
• Ọ bụrụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị elu bụ 130 ma ọ bụ karịa ma ọ bụ ọnụ ala bụ 80 ma ọ bụ karịa, hazie oge gị na onye na-eweta gị iji mụta otu ị ga-esi belata ọbara mgbali gị.
• Ọ bụrụ na ị na-arịa ọrịa shuga, ọrịa obi, nsogbu akụrụ, ma ọ bụ ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ, ọ ga-adị mkpa ka ị nyochaa ọbara mgbali elu gị ọtụtụ mgbe, ma ọ dịkarịa ala otu ugboro n'afọ.
• Lelee maka nyocha ọbara mgbali na mpaghara gị. Jụọ onye na-ahụ maka ọrụ gị ma ọ bụrụ na ịnwere ike ịkwụsị iji lelee ọbara mgbali gị.

RELỌ NR CANRRE ỌRRE ara

• Womenmụ nwanyị nwere ike ime nyocha ara ha kwa ọnwa. Agbanyeghị, ndị ọkacha mara ekwenyela uru dị n ’ịnwale onwe ara n’ịchọta ọrịa ara ure ma ọ bụ ịchekwa ndụ. Gwa onye na-enye gị ọrụ gbasara ihe ga-akara gị mma.
• Onye na-eweta gị nwere ike ịme ule ure ara ahụ dịka akụkụ nke ule nyocha gị.
• Womenmụ nwanyị nọ n’afọ 40 ruo 49 nwere ike ịnwe mammogram kwa afọ abụọ ruo abụọ. Agbanyeghị, ọ bụghị ndị ọkachamara niile kwenyere banyere uru dị na mammogram mgbe ụmụ nwanyị gafere afọ iri anọ. Gwa onye na-enye gị ọrụ gbasara ihe ga-akara gị mma.
• Womenmụ nwanyị nọ n’afọ 50 ruo 75 kwesịrị ịnwe mammogram n’afọ ọ bụla ruo n’afọ abụọ ọ bụla, ọ dabere n’ihe ndị nwere ike ime ha, ịlele maka ọrịa kansa ara.
• Womenmụ nwanyị ndị nwere nne ma ọ bụ nwanne nwanyị nwere ọrịa ara ara mgbe ha dị obere kwesịrị ịtụle mammogram kwa afọ. Ha kwesịrị ibido n’afọ ndụ onye ọrịa ezinụlọ ha nke ikpeazụ chọpụtara.
• Ọ bụrụ na ị nwere ihe ndị ọzọ dị ize ndụ maka ọrịa ara ara, onye na-eweta gị nwere ike ịkwado mammogram, ara ultrasound, ma ọ bụ MRI nyocha.

LỌ CERVICAL CANCER

Nyocha ọrịa cancer nke cervical kwesịrị ịmalite mgbe ọ dị afọ 21. Mgbe ule mbụ gasịrị:

• Womenmụ nwanyị ndị nọ n'agbata afọ 30 ruo 65 kwesịrị inyocha ule Pap kwa afọ atọ ọ bụla ma ọ bụ nyocha HPV kwa afọ ise ọ bụla.
• Ọ bụrụ na gị ma ọ bụ onye gị na ya nwere mmekọ nwere ndị ọzọ ọhụụ, ị kwesịrị ịnwale ule Pap kwa afọ atọ ọ bụla.
• Womenmụ nwanyị ndị gbara afọ 65 rue 70 nwere ike ịkwụsị ịnwale ule Pap ma ọ bụrụhaala na ha enweela ule 3 gara aga n'ime afọ 10 gara aga.
• Womenmụ nwanyị ndị a na-agwọ maka precancer (dysplasia cervical) kwesịrị ịga n'ihu na-anwale ule Pap maka afọ 20 mgbe ọgwụgwọ ma ọ bụ ruo afọ 65, nke ọ bụla dị ogologo.
• Ọ bụrụ na ewepụla akpanwa gị na cervix gị (ngụkọta hysterectomy), na ịchọpụtabeghị gị na kansa cancer, ọ dịghị mkpa ka ị nweta Pap.

CHOLESTEROL nyocha

• Afọ akwadoro ka ị malite maka nyocha kọlesta bụ afọ 45 maka ụmụ nwanyị na-enweghị ihe egwu mara maka ọrịa obi.
• Ozugbo nyocha cholesterol bidoro, ekwesịrị inyocha cholesterol gị kwa afọ ise ọ bụla.
• Tinyegharịa ule ngwa ngwa karịa ka achọrọ ma ọ bụrụ na mgbanwe emee na ndụ (gụnyere ibu ibu na nri).
• Ọ bụrụ na ị nwere ogo abụba dị elu, ọrịa shuga, ọrịa obi, nsogbu akụrụ, ma ọ bụ ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ, ọ nwere ike ịdị mkpa ka enyocha gị ọtụtụ oge.

AKW SCKWỌ AKWOLKWỌ ​​AKWOLKWỌ

Ọ bụrụ n’erubeghị afọ 50, gwa onye na-ahụ maka ọrụ gị ka inyocha ya. Ekwesịrị inyocha gị ma ọ bụrụ na ị nwere akụkọ gbasara ezinụlọ siri ike banyere ọrịa cancer ma ọ bụ polyps. Enwere ike ịtụle nyocha ma ọ bụrụ na ị nwere ihe egwu dịka akụkọ ntolite nke ọrịa obi ma ọ bụ polyps.

Ọ bụrụ na ị gbara afọ 50 ruo 75, ekwesịrị inyocha gị maka ọrịa kansa. Enwere ọtụtụ ule nyocha dị:

• Ule anwansi anwansị (stool based) mere kwa afọ
• Nyocha fecal immunochemical (FIT) kwa afọ
• Nyocha stool DNA kwa afọ atọ
• Mgbanwe sigmoidoscopy kwa afọ ise
• Ugboro abụọ iche barium enema ọ bụla 5 afọ
• CT colonography (mebere colonoscopy) kwa afọ ise
• Colonoscopy kwa afọ 10

Nwere ike ịchọ colonoscopy ọtụtụ mgbe ma ọ bụrụ na ị nwere ihe egwu dị na kansa cancer, dị ka:

• Ọrịa afọ
• Akụkọ onwe onye ma ọ bụ nke ezinụlọ banyere ọrịa kansa
• Akụkọ banyere uto na colon a na - akpọ adenomatous polyps

Nyocha ezé

• Gaa dọkịta ezé otu ugboro ma ọ bụ ugboro abụọ kwa afọ maka ule na nhicha. Dọkịta eze gị ga-enyocha ma ọ bụrụ na ịchọrọ maka nleta ugboro ugboro.

KP DR ỌRIA

• Ọ bụrụ na ị gafeela afọ 44, a ga-enyocha gị kwa afọ atọ.
• Inwe BMI karịrị 25 pụtara na ị buru ibu. Ọ bụrụ na ị buru oke ibu, jụọ onye na-enye gị ọrụ ka ekwesịrị inyocha gị mgbe ị ka dị obere. A ga-enyocha ndị Asia Asia ma ọ bụrụ na BMI ha karịrị 23.
• Ọ bụrụ na ọbara mgbali gị dị elu karịa 130/80 mm Hg, ma ọ bụ na ị nwere ihe ndị ọzọ nwere ike ibute ọrịa shuga, onye na-eweta gị nwere ike ịnwale ogo shuga shuga gị n'ọrịa shuga.

Anya Nyocha

• Mee nyocha anya kwa afọ abụọ ọ bụla ruo afọ 4 ruo afọ 40 ruo 54 na 1 ọ bụla ruo afọ 3 ruo 55 ruo 64. Onye na-eweta gị nwere ike ịkwado nyocha anya oge ọ bụla ma ọ bụrụ na ịnwee nsogbu ọhụụ ma ọ bụ ihe egwu glaucoma.
• Mee nyocha anya ma ọ dịkarịa ala kwa afọ ma ọ bụrụ na ị nwere ọrịa shuga.

NKWUKWU

• Ikwesiri inweta ogwu ogwu kwa afo.
• Jụọ onye na-enye gị ọrụ ka ị nweta ọgwụ mgbochi iji belata ihe egwu gị na-ebute ọrịa pneumococcal (na-ebute ụdị oyi baa).
• Kwesịrị ịnwe ọgwụ mgbochi tetanus-diphtheria na acellular pertussis (Tdap) otu ugboro dị ka akụkụ nke ọgwụ mgbochi tetanus-diphtheria gị ma ọ bụrụ na enwetabeghị ya na mbụ dị ka onye nọ n'afọ iri na ụma. Kwesịrị ịnwe nkwalite tetanus-diphtheria kwa afọ iri.
• Nwere ike ịnweta ọgwụ mgbochi shingles ma ọ bụ herpes zoster na ma ọ bụ mgbe ọ dị afọ 50.
• Onye na-enye gị nwere ike ịkwado ọgwụ mgbochi ndị ọzọ ma ọ bụrụ na ịnọ n'ihe egwu maka ọnọdụ ụfọdụ.

INYE ỌH SCRF ỌR INA

• Pretù Na-ahụ Maka Ọrụ Ndị Na-ahụ Maka Mgbochi US na-atụ aro nyocha maka ịba ọcha n'anya C. Dabere na ndụ gị na akụkọ ahụike gị, ọ nwere ike ịdị mkpa ka enyocha gị maka ọrịa ndị dị ka syphilis, chlamydia, na HIV, yana ọrịa ndị ọzọ.

AKWKWỌ ỌRUN ỌRUN

Ikwesiri inwe nyocha kwa afọ maka ọrịa kansa akpa ume na obere ihe eserese (LDCT) ma ọ bụrụ na ihe ndị a niile dị:

• Gafeela afọ 55 NA
• Have nwere 30 mkpọ-afọ anwụrụ ọkụ akụkọ ihe mere eme NA
• Na-ese anwụrụ ma ọ bụ na-akwụsị ugbu a n'ime afọ 15 gara aga

OZI OSTEOPOROSIS

• Womenmụ nwanyị niile gaferela afọ iri ise nwere mgbaji ọkpụkpụ kwesịrị ịnwale nnwale ọkpụkpụ (DEXA scan).
• Ọ bụrụ n’erubeghị afọ 65 ma nwee ihe kpatara nsogbu osteoporosis, ekwesịrị inyocha ya.

Nyocha nke anụ ahụ

• Ọbara gị ga-enyocha ọbara opekata mpe kwa afọ.
• Onye na-eweta gị nwere ike ịkwado ịlele cholesterol gị kwa afọ ise ma ọ bụrụ na ịnwere ihe ndị nwere ike ibute ọrịa obi.
• Gị elu, ibu, na ahu uka index (BMI) ga-enyocha mgbe ọ bụla udomo oro.

N'oge ule gị, onye na-eweta gị nwere ike ịjụ gị gbasara:

• Nsogbu
• Nri na mmega ahụ
• Mmanya na-aba n'anya na ụtaba
• Ihe gbasara nchekwa, dịka iji eriri oche na ihe na-ese anwụrụ

AKWINKWỌ SKIN

• Onye na-enye gị nwere ike ịlele akpụkpọ ahụ gị maka ihe ịrịba ama nke ọrịa kansa anụ ahụ, ọkachasị ma ọ bụrụ na ị nọ n'ọnọdụ dị elu. Ndị nwere nnukwu nsogbu gụnyere ndị nwere ọrịa kansa anụ ahụ na mbụ, nwee ndị ikwu ha nwere ọrịa kansa, ma ọ bụ usoro adịghị ike.

Nleta nlekọta ahụike - ụmụ nwanyị - afọ 40 ruo 64; Nnyocha ahụ - ụmụ nwanyị - afọ 40 ruo 64; Nyocha kwa afọ - ụmụ nwanyị - afọ 40 ruo 64; Nyocha - ụmụ nwanyị - afọ 40 ruo 64; Ahụike ụmụ nwanyị - afọ 40 ruo 64; Nlekọta mgbochi - ụmụ nwanyị - afọ 40 ruo 64

• Uche anwansi anwa anwa
• Mmetụta nke afọ na ọbara mgbali
• Osteoporosis

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Whelton PK, Carey RM, Aronow WS, et al. 2017 ACC / AHA / AAPA / ABC / ACPM / AGS / APhA / ASH / ASPC / NMA / PCNA ụkpụrụ nduzi maka mgbochi, nchọpụta, nyocha, na njikwa ọbara mgbali elu na ndị okenye: akụkọ nke American College of Cardiology / American Associationtù Na-ahụ Maka Njikọ Obi na Clinical Practice Guidelines [mgbazi ebipụtara pụtara na J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018 Mee 15; 71 (19): 2275-2279]. J Am Coll Cardiol. Na-enweghị nsogbu. 2018; 71 (19): e127-e248. PMID: 29146535 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29146535/.