Nyocha ahụike maka ụmụ nwoke dị afọ 40 ruo 64

Ikwesiri ileta onye nlekọta ahụike gị oge niile, ọbụlagodi ma ọ bụrụ na ahụ dị gị mma. Ebumnuche nke nleta ndị a bụ:

• Ihuenyo maka nsogbu ahụike
• Nyochaa ihe ize ndụ gị maka nsogbu ahụike n'ọdịnihu
• Gbaa ndụ dị mma
• Melite ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi
• Nyere gị aka ịmata onye na-enye gị ọrụ maka ọrịa

Ọbụna ma ọ bụrụ na obi dị gị mma, ị ka ga-ahụ onye na-eweta gị maka nlele oge niile. Nleta ndị a nwere ike inyere gị aka izere nsogbu n'ọdịnihu. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, naanị otu ụzọ iji chọpụta ma enwere ọbara mgbali elu bụ ịnyocha ya oge niile. Ọbara shuga dị elu na ọkwa ọkwa cholesterol nwekwara ike ọ gaghị enwe mgbaàmà ọ bụla na mbido. Nnyocha ọbara dị mfe nwere ike ịlele maka ọnọdụ ndị a.

Enwere oge akọwapụtara mgbe ị kwesịrị ịhụ onye na-eweta gị. N'okpuru ebe a bụ ntuziaka nyocha maka ụmụ nwoke afọ 40 ruo 64.

IHE MGBE OWO NA-EME

• Mee ka ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ ọbara gị ji erugharị dịkarịa ala otu ugboro kwa afọ abụọ. Ọ bụrụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu (nọmba systolic) sitere na 120 ruo 139 mm Hg, ma ọ bụ nọmba ala (nọmba diastolic) sitere na 80 ruo 89 mm Hg, ịkwesịrị ka enyocha ya kwa afọ.
• Ọ bụrụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị elu bụ 130 ma ọ bụ karịa ma ọ bụ ọnụ ala bụ 80 ma ọ bụ karịa, hazie oge gị na onye na-eweta gị iji mụta otu ị ga-esi belata ọbara mgbali gị.
• Ọ bụrụ na ị na-arịa ọrịa shuga, ọrịa obi, nsogbu akụrụ, ma ọ bụ ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ, ọ ga-adị mkpa ka ị nyochaa ọbara mgbali elu gị ọtụtụ mgbe, ma ọ dịkarịa ala otu ugboro n'afọ.
• Lelee maka nyocha ọbara mgbali na mpaghara gị. Jụọ onye na-ahụ maka ọrụ gị ma ọ bụrụ na ịnwere ike ịkwụsị iji lelee ọbara mgbali gị.

Mgbochi ọrịa CHOLESTEROL NA Mgbochi ọrịa obi

• Afọ a tụrụ aro ka ị malite maka nchọpụta cholesterol bụ afọ 35 maka ụmụ nwoke na-enweghị ihe egwu mara maka ọrịa obi.
• Ozugbo nyocha cholesterol bidoro, ekwesịrị inyocha cholesterol gị kwa afọ ise ọ bụla.
• Tinyegharịa ule ngwa ngwa karịa ka achọrọ ma ọ bụrụ na mgbanwe emee na ndụ (gụnyere ibu ibu na nri).
• Ọ bụrụ na ị nwere ogo ogo cholesterol dị elu, ọrịa shuga, ọrịa obi, nsogbu akụrụ, ma ọ bụ ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ, ọ nwere ike ịdị mkpa ka enyocha gị ọtụtụ oge.

AKW SCKWỌ AKWOLKWỌ ​​AKWOLKWỌ

Ọ bụrụ n’erubeghị afọ 50, gwa onye na-ahụ maka ọrụ gị ka inyocha ya. Ekwesịrị inyocha gị ma ọ bụrụ na ị nwere akụkọ gbasara ezinụlọ siri ike banyere ọrịa cancer ma ọ bụ polyps. Enwere ike ịtụle nyocha ma ọ bụrụ na ị nwere ihe egwu dịka akụkọ ntolite nke ọrịa obi ma ọ bụ polyps.

Ọ bụrụ na ị gbara afọ 50 ruo 75, ekwesịrị inyocha gị maka ọrịa kansa. Enwere ọtụtụ ule nyocha dị:

• Ule anwansi anwansị (stool based) mere kwa afọ
• Nyocha fecal immunochemical (FIT) kwa afọ
• Nyocha stool DNA kwa afọ atọ
• Mgbanwe sigmoidoscopy kwa afọ ise
• Ugboro abụọ iche barium enema ọ bụla 5 afọ
• CT colonography (mebere colonoscopy) kwa afọ ise
• Colonoscopy kwa afọ 10

Nwere ike ịchọ colonoscopy ọtụtụ mgbe ma ọ bụrụ na ị nwere ihe egwu dị na kansa cancer, dị ka:

• Ọrịa afọ
• Akụkọ onwe onye ma ọ bụ nke ezinụlọ banyere ọrịa kansa
• A akụkọ ihe mere eme nke growths akpọ adenomatous polyps

Nyocha ezé

• Gaa dọkịta ezé otu ugboro ma ọ bụ ugboro abụọ kwa afọ maka ule na nhicha. Dọkịta eze gị ga-enyocha ma ọ bụrụ na ịchọrọ maka nleta ugboro ugboro.
  

KP DR ỌRIA

• Ọ bụrụ na ị gafeela afọ 44, a ga-enyocha gị kwa afọ atọ.
• Inwe BMI karịrị 25 pụtara na ị buru ibu. Ọ bụrụ na ị buru oke ibu, jụọ onye na-enye gị ọrụ ka ekwesịrị inyocha gị mgbe ị ka dị obere. A ga-enyocha ndị Asia Asia ma ọ bụrụ na BMI ha karịrị 23.
• Ọ bụrụ na ọbara mgbali gị dị elu karịa 130/80 mm Hg, ma ọ bụ na ị nwere ihe ndị ọzọ nwere ike ibute ọrịa shuga, onye na-eweta gị nwere ike ịnwale ogo shuga shuga gị n'ọrịa shuga.

Anya Nyocha

• Mee nyocha anya kwa afọ abụọ ọ bụla ruo afọ 4 ruo afọ 40 ruo 54 na 1 ọ bụla ruo afọ 3 ruo 55 ruo 64. Onye na-eweta gị nwere ike ịkwado nyocha anya oge ọ bụla ma ọ bụrụ na ịnwee nsogbu ọhụụ ma ọ bụ ihe egwu glaucoma.
• Mee nyocha anya ma ọ dịkarịa ala kwa afọ ma ọ bụrụ na ị nwere ọrịa shuga.

NKWUKWU

• Ikwesiri inweta ogwu ogwu kwa afo.
• Jụọ onye na-enye gị ọrụ ka ị nweta ọgwụ mgbochi iji belata ihe egwu gị na-ebute ọrịa pneumococcal (na-ebute ụdị oyi baa).
• Kwesịrị ịnwe ọgwụ mgbochi tetanus-diphtheria na acellular pertussis (Tap) otu oge dị ka akụkụ nke ọgwụ mgbochi tetanus-diphtheria gị ma ọ bụrụ na ịnatabeghị ya na mbụ dị ka onye nọ n'afọ iri na ụma. Kwesịrị ịnwe nkwalite tetanus-diphtheria kwa afọ iri.
• Nwere ike ịnweta ọgwụ mgbochi shingles ma ọ bụ herpes zoster na ma ọ bụ mgbe ọ dị afọ 50.
• Onye na-enye gị nwere ike ịkwado ọgwụ mgbochi ndị ọzọ ma ọ bụrụ na ịnọ n'ihe egwu maka ọnọdụ ụfọdụ.

INYE ỌH SCRF ỌR INA

• Pretù Ndị Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Mgbochi US na-atụ aro nyocha maka ịba ọcha n'anya nke C.
• Dabere n'otú i si bie ndụ na ihe ndị mere n'ụlọ ọgwụ, ọ ga-adị mkpa ka e lebara gị anya maka ọrịa ndị dị ka syphilis, chlamydia, na HIV, tinyere ọrịa ndị ọzọ.

AKWKWỌ ỌRUN ỌRUN

Ikwesiri inwe nyocha kwa afọ maka ọrịa kansa akpa ume na obere ihe eserese (LDCT) ma ọ bụrụ:

• Gafeela afọ 55 NA
• Have nwere 30 mkpọ-afọ anwụrụ ọkụ akụkọ ihe mere eme NA
• Na-ese anwụrụ ma ọ bụ na-akwụsị ugbu a n'ime afọ 15 gara aga

OZI OSTEOPOROSIS

• Ọ bụrụ na ị dị afọ 50 ruo 70 ma nwee ihe egwu maka osteoporosis, ị ga-atụle nkata nyocha na onye na-eweta gị.
• Ihe ize ndụ nwere ike ịgụnye iji steroid mee ogologo oge, ịdị arọ dị ala, ị ,ụ sịga, ị alcoholụbiga mmanya ókè, inwe mgbaji ọkpụkpụ mgbe afọ 50 gasịrị, ma ọ bụ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ezinụlọ nke osteoporosis.

Nyocha nke anụ ahụ

• Ọbara gị ga-enyocha ọbara opekata mpe kwa afọ.
• Onye na-eweta gị nwere ike ịkwado ịlele cholesterol gị kwa afọ ise ma ọ bụrụ na ịnwere ihe ndị nwere ike ibute ọrịa obi.
  
• Gị elu, ibu, na ahu uka index (BMI) ga-enyocha ọ bụla udomo oro.

N'oge ule gị, onye na-eweta gị nwere ike ịjụ gị gbasara:

• Nsogbu
• Nri na mmega ahụ
• Mmanya na-aba n'anya na ụtaba
• Nchedo, dịka iji eriri oche na ihe anwuru anwụrụ

LỌ NCHEBARA ỌR PR PROSTATE CANSER

Ọ bụrụ na ị dị afọ iri ise na ise rue iri isii na itoolu, tupu ịnwale ule ahụ, gwa onye na-eweta gị gbasara uru na ọghọm ị ga-enwe n’ule PSA. Jụọ maka:

• Ma nyocha ọ na-ebelata ohere ịnwụ n'ọrịa cancer prostate.
  
• Ma enwere nsogbu ọ bụla site na nyocha ọrịa kansa prostate, dị ka mmetụta ndị ọzọ na-anwale ma ọ bụ ịgafe ọrịa kansa mgbe achọpụtara ya.
  
• Ma ị nwere nsogbu dị elu nke ọrịa prostate karịa ndị ọzọ.

Ọ bụrụ na ị dị afọ 55 ma ọ bụ nwata, nyocha anaghị atụkarị aro. Kwesịrị ịkọrọ onye na-eweta gị gbasara ma ị nwere nnukwu nsogbu maka ọrịa kansa prostate. Ihe egwu nwere:

• Inwe usoro ezinaụlọ nke ọrịa cancer prostate (ọkachasị nwanne nwoke ma ọ bụ nna)
  
• Bụ onye Afrika Afrika
• Ọ bụrụ na ịhọrọ inyocha gị, a ga-emegharị ule PSA n'oge na-aga (kwa afọ ma ọ bụ obere oge), ọ bụ ezie na a maghị oge kachasị mma.
  
• A naghịzi eme nyocha Prostate na ụmụ nwoke na-enweghị ihe mgbaàmà.

AKWINKWỌ SKIN

• Onye na-enye gị nwere ike ịlele akpụkpọ ahụ gị maka ihe ịrịba ama nke ọrịa kansa anụ ahụ, ọkachasị ma ọ bụrụ na ị nọ n'ọnọdụ dị elu. Ndị nwere nnukwu nsogbu gụnyere ndị nwere ọrịa kansa anụ ahụ na mbụ, nwee ndị ikwu ha nwere ọrịa kansa, ma ọ bụ usoro adịghị ike.
  

Nyochaa

• Ndị US Task Force Task Force (USPSTF) na-atụ aro ugbu a megide ịme ule onwe onye nke testicular. Ime ule nke onwe onye egosighi na ọ baghị uru.

Nlekọta nlekọta ahụike - ụmụ nwoke - afọ 40 ruo 64; Nyocha ahụ - ụmụ nwoke - afọ 40 ruo 64; Nyocha kwa afọ - ụmụ nwoke - afọ 40 ruo 64; Nyocha - ụmụ nwoke - afọ 40 ruo 64; Ahụike ụmụ nwoke - afọ 40 ruo 64; Nlekọta mgbochi - ụmụ nwoke - afọ 40 ruo 64

• Ọrịa cancer
• Osteoporosis
• Mmetụta nke afọ na ọbara mgbali
• Uche anwansi anwa anwa

Kọmitii Advisory na Omume Ahụhụ. Usoro ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi akwadoro maka ndị okenye afọ 19 ma ọ bụ karịa, United States, 2020. www.cdc.gov/vaccines/schedules/index.html. Emelitere February 3, 2020. Abanye na Eprel 18, 2020.

American Academy of Ophthalmology mkpokọta. Nkwupụta ahụike: nyocha nke nyocha anya - 2015. www.aao.org/clinical-statement/frequency-of-ocular-examinations. Emelitere March 2015. Nweta April 18, 2020.

Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ American Dental Association. Ajụjụ iri gị kacha elu gbasara ịgakwuru eze - zara ya. www.mouthhealthy.org/en/dental-care-concerns/questions-about-ending-to-the-dentist. Nabata April 18, 2020.

Tù Na-ahụ Maka Ọrịa Shuga nke America. 2. Nhazi na nyocha nke ọrịa shuga: ụkpụrụ nke nlekọta ahụike na ọrịa shuga - 2020. Ọrịa shuga. 2020; 43 (Suppl 1): S14 – S31. PMID: 31862745 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31862745/.

Atkins D, Barton M. Nyocha ahụike oge. Na: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Ọgwụ Goldman-Cecil. Nke 26th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isi 12.

Cosman F, de Beur SJ, LeBoff MS, et al. Mgbakwunye Ntuziaka nke ụlọ ọgwụ maka igbochi na ọgwụgwọ osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int. 2014; 25 (10): 2359-2381. PMID: 25182228 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25182228/.

Grundy SM, Nkume NJ, Bailey AL, et al.2018 AHA / ACC / AACVPR / AAPA / ABC / ACPM / ADA / AGS / APhA / ASPC / NLA / PCNA Ntuziaka maka njikwa cholesterol ọbara: akụkọ nke kọleji American Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force na Clinical Practice Guidelines [mgbazi e bipụtara pụtara na J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019 Jun 25; 73 (24): 3237-3241]. J Am Coll Cardiol. Nta. 2019; 73 (24): e285-e350. PMID: 30423393 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30423393/.

Mazzone PJ, Silvestri GA, Patel S, et al. Nyocha maka ọrịa cancer akpa ume: Ntuziaka obi na Ọkachamara Panel Report. Igbe. 2018; 153 (4): 954-985. PMID: 29374513 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29374513/.

Meschia JF, Bushnell C, Boden-Albala B, et al. Ọzọ Ntuziaka maka mgbochi mbụ nke ọrịa strok: nkwupụta maka ndị ọkachamara ahụike sitere na American Heart Association / American Stroke Association. Ọkụ. 2014; 45 (12): 3754-3832. PMID: 25355838 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25355838/.

Moyer VA; Ndị Ọrụ US na-egbochi Ọrụ. Nnyocha maka ọrịa kansa ume: Nkwupụta nkwupụta US Task Force Task Force. Ann Intern Med. 2014; 160 (5): 330-338. PMID: 24378917 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24378917/.

Ridker PM, Libby P, Na-ebugharị JE. Ihe nrịba ama egwu na mgbochi mgbochi ọrịa obi. Na: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Ọrịa Obi Braunwald: Akwụkwọ ọgụgụ nke Ọgwụ Ọrịa Cardiovascular. Nke 11. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isi 45.

Siu AL; Ndị Ọrụ US na-egbochi Ọrụ. Nnyocha maka ọbara mgbali elu na ndị okenye: Nkwupụta nkwanye ọrụ US Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med. 2015; 163 (10): 778-786. PMID: 26458123 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26458123/.

Smith RA, Andrews KS, Brooks D, et al. Nyocha ọrịa cancer na United States, 2019: nyocha nke nduzi American Cancer Society ugbu a na nsogbu ndị dị ugbu a na nyocha ọrịa kansa. CA Ọrịa cancer J. 2019; 69 (3): 184-210. PMID: 30875085 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30875085/.

Pretù Ndị Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Mgbochi US, Bibbins-Domingo K, Grossman DC, Curry SJ, et al. Nnyocha maka ọrịa kansa anụ: Nkwupụta nkwupụta US Task Force Task Force. JAMA. 2016; 316 (4): 429-435. PMID: 27458948 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27458948/.

Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ US Preventive Services Task Force. Nkwupụta nkwanye ikpeazụ. Nyocha ọrịa mkpụrụ akụ. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/colorectal-cancer-screening. Bipụtara June 15, 2016. Nabata Eprel 18, 2020.

Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ US Preventive Services Task Force. Nkwupụta nkwanye ikpeazụ. Patba ọcha n'anya nke ịba ọcha n'anya C na-eto eto na ndị okenye: nyocha. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/hepatitis-c-screening. Bipụtara Machị 2, 2020. Abanye na Eprel 19, 2020.

Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ US Preventive Services Task Force. Nkwupụta nkwanye ikpeazụ. Prostate cancer: nyocha. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/prostate-cancer-screening. Bipụtara May 8, 2018. Nweta April 18, 2020.

Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ US Preventive Services Task Force. Nkwupụta nkwanye ikpeazụ. Ọrịa testicular: nyocha. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/testicular-cancer-screening. E bipụtara Eprel 15, 2011. Abanye na Eprel 19, 2020.

Whelton PK, Carey RM, Aronow WS, et al. 2017 ACC / AHA / AAPA / ABC / ACPM / AGS / APhA / ASH / ASPC / NMA / PCNA Ntuziaka maka mgbochi, nchọpụta, nyocha, na njikwa ọbara mgbali elu na ndị okenye: akụkọ nke American College of Cardiology / American Associationtù Na-ahụ Maka Ndị Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Ọrịa Na-ahụ Maka Ihe Nlekọta Ahụike [mgbazi bipụtara na-egosi na J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018 Mee 15; 71 (19): 2275-2279]. J Am Coll Cardiol. Na-enweghị nsogbu. 2018; 71 (19): e127-e248. PMID: 29146535 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29146535/.