Bicuspid aortic valvụ

Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) bụ valvụ aortic nke nwere naanị mpempe akwụkwọ abụọ, kama atọ.

Aortic valvụ na-achịkwa ọbara na-esite n'obi banye na aorta. Aorta bụ arịa buru ibu nke na-ebute ọbara oxygen nwere n’ahụ.

Pọdel aortic na - eme ka ọbara oxygen nwere obi si na obi na - aga aga. Ọ na - egbochi ọbara ịlaghachi na aorta n'ime obi mgbe ụlọ mgbapụta na - atụgharị.

BAV dị n'oge a mụrụ ya (congenital). Ngwurugwu aortic na-adịghị ahụkebe na-amalite n'oge izu mbụ nke afọ ime, mgbe obi nwa ahụ na-etolite. Ihe kpatara nsogbu a edoghị anya, mana ọ bụ nkwarụ obi kachasị pụta ụwa. BAV na-agbakarị n'ezinụlọ.

BAV nwere ike ghara ịrụ ọrụ nke ọma n'ịkwụsị ọbara ịbanye n'ime obi. A na-akpọ mkpọpu mmiri aortic regurgitation. Ngwunye aortic nwekwara ike isi ike ma ghara imeghe. A na-akpọ nke a aortic stenosis, nke na-eme ka obi gbapụta ike karịa ka ọ dị na mbụ iji nweta ọbara site na valvụ ahụ. Aorta nwere ike ibuwanye na ọnọdụ a.

BAV na-adịkarị n'etiti ụmụ nwoke karịa ụmụ nwanyị.

BAV na-adịkarị na ụmụ ọhụrụ nwere coarctation nke aorta (warara nke aorta). A na-ahụkwa BAV na ọrịa nke enwere mgbochi nke mmụba ọbara n'akụkụ aka ekpe nke obi.

Imirikiti oge, anaghị achọpụta BAV na ụmụ aka ma ọ bụ ụmụaka n'ihi na ọ naghị akpata mgbaàmà ọ bụla. Otú ọ dị, valvụ na-adịghị ahụkebe nwere ike ịwụpụ ma ọ bụ dịrị warara karịa oge.

Mgbaàmà nke nsogbu dị otú ahụ nwere ike ịgụnye:

• Baby ma ọ bụ nwa taya na-adị mfe
• Obi mgbu
• Ike iku ume
• Otutu na oge ufodu obi obim (palpitations)
• Loss nke nsụhọ (faining)
• Icha akpụkpọ

Ọ bụrụ na nwatakịrị nwere nsogbu obi ọmarịcha ọzọ, ha nwere ike ibute ihe mgbaàmà nke ga - eduga na nchọpụta nke BAV.

N'oge ule, onye nlekọta ahụike nwere ike ịhụ akara nke BAV gụnyere:

• Ibawanye obi
• Obi na-atamu ntamu
• Ike na-adịghị ike na nkwojiaka na nkwonkwo ụkwụ

Ule ndị a pụrụ inye iwu gụnyere:

• MRI, nke na-enye nkọwa zuru ezu nke obi
• Echocardiogram, nke bu ultrasound nke n’ahu obi obi na obara obara n’ime obi

Ọ bụrụ na onye na-eweta ahụ na-enyo nsogbu ma ọ bụ ntụpọ obi ọzọ, ule ndị ọzọ nwere ike ịgụnye:

• Igbe x-ray
• Electrocardiogram (ECG), nke na-atụle ọrụ eletriki nke obi
• Cardiac catheterization, a usoro nke a mkpa tube (catheter) na-etinye n'ime obi na-ahụ na-eruba ọbara na-ewere ezi nha nke ọbara mgbali na oxygen etoju
• MRA, MRI nke na-eji agba agba iji lee arịa ọbara nke obi

Nwatakịrị ahụ ma ọ bụ nwatakịrị nwere ike chọọ ịwa ahụ iji dozie ma ọ bụ dochie valvụ na-asọpụta ma ọ bụ dị warara, ma ọ bụrụ na nsogbu dị oke njọ.

Enwere ike imeghe valvụ dị warara site na catheterization obi. A na - echezi ọkpọkọ dị mma (catheter) n'ime obi na n'ime oghere dị warara nke aortic valve. A na-agbanye balloon dị na njedebe nke ọkpọkọ iji mee ka oghere nke valvụ buru ibu.

Na ndị okenye, mgbe valvụ bicuspid na-ehi ụra ma ọ bụ dị warara, ọ ga-adị mkpa ka edochie ya.

Mgbe ụfọdụ, aorta nwekwara ike ịrụzigharị ma ọ bụrụ na ọ saa mbara ma ọ bụ warara.

Enwere ike ịchọrọ ọgwụ iji belata mgbaàmà ma ọ bụ gbochie nsogbu. Ọgwụ nwere ike ịgụnye:

• Ọgwụ nke na-agbadata ibu ọrụ na obi (beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors)
• Ọgwụ nke na-eme ka akwara obi nwee ume ike (ndị ọrụ inotropic)
• Mkpụrụ mmiri (mamịrị)

Otu nwa si eme nke ọma dabere na ọnụnọ na oke nsogbu nke BAV.

Ọnụnọ nke nsogbu anụ ahụ ndị ọzọ mgbe a mụrụ nwa nwekwara ike imetụta otú nwa ọhụrụ si eme nke ọma.

Imirikiti ụmụ ọhụrụ nwere ọnọdụ a enweghị ihe mgbaàmà ọ bụla, a naghị achọpụta nsogbu ahụ ruo mgbe ha toro. Peoplefọdụ ndị anaghị achọpụta na ha nwere nsogbu a.

Nsogbu nke BAV gụnyere:

• Obi mgbawa
• Mgbapu ọbara site na valvụ laghachi n'ime obi
• Na-ebelata oghere valvụ
• Ọrịa nke akwara obi ma ọ bụ valvụ aortic

Kpọọ onye na-enye nwa gị ma ọ bụrụ na nwa gị:

• Enweghị agụụ
• Nwere anya ọzọ ma ọ bụ na-acha anụnụ anụnụ
• O yiri ka ike gwụrụ ngwa ngwa

BAV na-agba ọsọ n'ezinụlọ. Ọ bụrụ n ’ịmara ọnọdụ a n’ezinaụlọ gị, gwa onye na-enye gị ọrụ tupu ị tụrụ ime. Onweghi uzo a mara iji gbochie onodu a.

Bicommissural aortic valvụ; Ọrịa Valvular - bicuspid aortic valve; BAV

• Surgerywa ahụ valvụ obi - ihapu

• Bicuspid aortic valvụ

Boger MA, Fedak PWM, Stephens EH, et al. AATS kwenyere na nkwekọrịta bicuspid aortic metụtara aortopathy: zuru ezu naanị ntanetị. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2018; 156 (2): e41-74. ma ọ bụ: 10.1016 / j.jtcvs.2018.02.115. PMID: 30011777 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30011777/.

Braverman AC, Cheng A. The bicuspid aortic valvụ na metụtara aortic ọrịa. Na: Otto CM, Bonow RO, eds. Ọrịa Obi Valvular: Onye Ibe Na Ọrịa Obi Braunwald. Nke 5. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: Isi nke 11.

Fraser CD, Cameron DE, McMillan KN, Vricella LA. Ọrịa obi na nsogbu anụ ahụ njikọta. Na: Ungerleider RM, Meliones JN, McMillian KN, Cooper DS, Jacobs JP, eds. Ọrịa Obi Ọjọọ na Infmụaka na Childrenmụaka. Nke atọ ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isi 53.

Lindman BR, Bonow RO, Otto CM. Aortic ọrịa ọrịa. Na: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Ọrịa Obi Braunwald: Akwụkwọ ọgụgụ nke Ọgwụ Ọrịa Cardiovascular. Nke 11. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isi nke 68.