Nnukwu nsogbu adrenal

Nnukwu nsogbu adrenal bụ ọnọdụ egwu ndụ na-eme mgbe enweghị cortisol zuru ezu. Nke a bụ homonụ nke mmiri na-emepụta.

Akụkụ adrenal dị n’elu akụrụ. Ọrịa adrenal nwere akụkụ abụọ. Akụkụ mpụta, nke akpọrọ cortex, na - emepụta cortisol. Nke a bụ hormone dị mkpa maka ịchịkwa ọbara mgbali. Akụkụ dị n'ime, nke a na-akpọ medulla, na-emepụta hormone adrenaline (nke a na-akpọ epinephrine). A na-ahapụ cortisol na adrenaline na nzaghachi maka nrụgide.

Ọ bụ pituitary na-achịkwa mmepụta Cortisol. Nke a bụ obere gland dị n'okpuru ụbụrụ. Onye pituitary weputara adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). Nke a bụ homonụ nke na - eme ka adrenal gland hapụ cortisol.

A na-achịkwa mmepụta nke adrenaline site na irighiri akwara na-abịa site na ụbụrụ na ụbụrụ na site na ikesa homonụ.

Nsogbu nsogbu nwere ike ibute ihe ndị a:

• Ihe adrenal gland mebiri n'ihi, dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọrịa Addison ma ọ bụ ọrịa gland ọzọ, ma ọ bụ ịwa ahụ
• Onye pituitary merụrụ ahụ ma enweghị ike ịhapụ ACTH (hypopituitarism)
• Adrenal ezughi oke adighi edozi
• Na-a glucoụ ọgwụ glucocorticoid ogologo oge, ma kwụsị na mberede
• Denụ kpọrọ nkụ
• Ofufe Ọrịa ma ọ bụ nrụgide anụ ahụ ndị ọzọ

Mgbaàmà na mgbaàmà nke nsogbu adrenal nwere ike ịgụnye nke ọ bụla n'ime ihe ndị a:

• Ime mgbu ma ọ bụ mgbu flank
• Mgbaghari, enweghi uche, ma obu komoma
• Akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ
• Dizziness ma ọ bụ isi ọwụwa
• Ike ọgwụgwụ, ajọ adịghị ike
• Isi ọwụwa
• Ahụ ọkụ
• Loss nke agụụ
• Ọbara mgbali elu
• Ọbara shuga dị ala
• Ọgbụgbọ, vomiting
• Otutu obi
• Otutu iku ume
• Nwayọ, umengwụ ije
• Ọhụrụ na ọsụsọ ibu na ihu ma ọ bụ n'ọbụ aka

Ule ndị a nwere ike inye iwu iji nyere aka chọpụta nnukwu nsogbu adrenal gụnyere:

• ACTH (cosyntropin) ule nnwale
• Cortisol ọkwa
• Ọbara ọbara
• Potassium larịị
• Ọkwa sodium
• pH larịị

Na nsogbu adrenal, ekwesiri inye gị ọgwụ hydrocortisone ozugbo site na akwara (intravenous) ma ọ bụ akwara (intramuscular). Nwere ike ịnweta mmiri ogwu n’akwara ma ọ bụrụ na ị nwere ọbara mgbali elu.

Kwesịrị ịga ụlọ ọgwụ maka ọgwụgwọ na nlekota. Ọ bụrụ na ọrịa ma ọ bụ nsogbu ahụike ọzọ kpatara nsogbu ahụ, ị ​​nwere ike ịchọ ọgwụgwọ ọzọ.

Ujo nwere ike ime ma ọ bụrụ na enyeghị ọgwụgwọ n'oge, ọ nwere ike bụrụ ihe na-eyi ndụ egwu.

Gaa na ụlọ mberede ma ọ bụ kpọọ nọmba mberede mpaghara (dịka 911) ma ọ bụrụ na ị mepee mgbaàmà nke nnukwu nsogbu adrenal.

Kpọọ onye nlekọta ahụike gị ma ọ bụrụ na ị nwere ọrịa Addison ma ọ bụ hypopituitarism ma ghara inwe ike iji ọgwụ glucocorticoid gị maka ihe kpatara ya.

Ọ bụrụ na ị nwere ọrịa Addison, a ga-agwakarị gị ka ịpịkwuo ọgwụ nke ọgwụ gị glucocorticoid ruo nwa oge ma ọ bụrụ na ike gwụ gị ma ọ bụ na-arịa ọrịa, ma ọ bụ tupu ịwa ahụ.

Ọ bụrụ na ị nwere ọrịa Addison, mụta ịmata ihe ịrịba ama nke nrụgide nwere ike ibute nnukwu nsogbu adrenal. Ọ bụrụ na dọkịta gị agwala gị, dịrị njikere inye onwe gị ihe mberede mberede nke glucocorticoid ma ọ bụ iji mekwuo usoro ọgwụgwọ ọgwụ glucocorticoid ọnụ na oge nrụgide. Ndị nne na nna kwesịrị ịmụta ime nke a maka ụmụ ha ndị na-enweghi ike ịda mba.

Na-ejide ID nke ahụike mgbe niile (kaadị, mgbaaka, ma ọ bụ olu olu) nke na-ekwu na ị nwechaghị erimeri. NJ ahụ ga-ekwukwa ụdị ụdị ọgwụ ị chọrọ na ihe mberede ịchọrọ.

Ọ bụrụ na ị takeụ ọgwụ glucocorticoid maka ụkọ ACTH pituitary, jide n'aka na ị maara mgbe ị ga-ewere ọgwụ nrụgide nke ọgwụ gị. Soro ndị na-eweta gị kwurịta ya.

Echefula ị takingụ ọgwụ gị.

Nsogbu Adrenal; Nsogbu Addison; Nnukwu adrenal ezughi oke

• Ọgwụ endocrine
• Adrenal gland hormone ihe omimi

Bornstein SR, Alloliu B, Arlt W, et al. Nchoputa na ọgwụgwọ nke isi adrenal insufficiency: usoro Endocrine Society Clinical. J Ọgwụ Endocrinol Metab. 2016; 101 (2): 364-389. PMID: PMC4880116 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4880116.

Stewart PM, Newell-Ahịa JDC. Na adrenal cortex. Na: Melmed S, Polonsky KS, Larsen PR, Kronenberg HM, eds. Akwụkwọ ọgụgụ Williams nke Endocrinology. Nke 13. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isi 15.

Thiessen MEW. Thyroid na nsogbu adrenal. Na: Mgbidi RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Ngwọta Mberede nke Rosen: Echiche na usoro ọgwụgwọ. Agba nke 9. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isi 120.