Ọbara ọgbụgba

Ọbara ọgbụgba bụ otu ọnọdụ nke enwere nsogbu na usoro mkpụkọ ọbara nke ahụ. Nsogbu ndị a nwere ike ibute oke ọbara na ogologo oge mgbe ọnyá gasịrị. Ọbara ọgbụgba pụkwara ịmalite n'onwe ya.

Nsogbu ọgbụgba pụrụ iche gụnyere:

• Enwetara ntụpọ ọrụ platelet
• Congenital platelet ọrụ ntụpọ
• Gbasaa coagulation intravascular (DIC)
• Prothrombin erughi
• Ebumnuche V
• Ebumnuche VII erughị eru
• Ebumnuche Factor X
• Ihe kpatara XI erughi (hemophilia C)
• Ọrịa Glanzmann
• Hemophilia A
• Hemophilia B
• Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)
• Ọrịa Von Willebrand (ụdị nke m, II, na III)

Nkịtị na-akpụkọta ọbara na-agụnye ihe ndị dị n’ọbara, ndị a na-akpọ platelet, na ihe ruru 20 protein dịgasị iche iche nke plasma. Ihe ndi a ka a maara dika ihe na - egbochi obara ma o bu ihe n’akpakpo mmadu. Ihe ndị a na kemịkalụ ndị ọzọ na - emekọ ihe wee mepụta ihe na - akwụsị ọbara ọgbụgba a na - akpọ fibrin.

Nsogbu nwere ike ịdapụta ma ihe ụfọdụ dị obere ma ọ bụ na-efu efu. Nsogbu ọgbụgba nwere ike site na obere ruo na nke siri ike.

Fọdụ nsogbu ọbara ọgbụgba dị n'oge a na-amụ nwa ma na-agafe site na ezinụlọ (ketara). Ndị ọzọ na-amalite site na:

• Ọrịa, dịka ụkọ vitamin K ma ọ bụ ọrịa imeju siri ike
• Ọgwụ, dịka ị drugsụ ọgwụ ike iji gbochie mkpụkọ ọbara (anticoagulants) ma ọ bụ iji ọgwụ nje mee ogologo oge

Ọbara ọgbụgba nwekwara ike ịpụta site na nsogbu na ọnụ ọgụgụ ma ọ bụ ọrụ nke mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara nke na-akwalite nsị ọbara (platelet). Nsogbu ndị a nwekwara ike bụrụ ndị e ketara eketa ma ọ bụ zụlite ma mechaa. Mmetụta ụfọdụ nke ọgwụ ụfọdụ na-edugakarị n'ụdị enwetara.

Mgbaàmà nwere ike ịgụnye nke ọ bụla n'ime ihe ndị a:

• Ọbara ọgbụgba na nkwonkwo ma ọ bụ akwara
• Bruising mfe
• Ọbara ọgbụgba
• Ọbara ọgbụgba n'oge ọbara ọbara
• Imi imi nke na-anaghị akwụsị ngwa ngwa
• Oké ọbara ọgbụgba na usoro ịwa ahụ
• Ọbara ọgbụgba mgbe amụrụ nwa

Nsogbu ndị a na-adabere na ọgbaghara ọgbụgba kpọmkwem, na etu o siri sie ike.

Ule nke enwere ike ime gunyere:

• Ọnụọgụ ọbara zuru ezu (CBC)
• Oge thromboplastin elekere (PTT)
• Nlekọta mkpokọta platelet
• Oge Prothrombin (PT)
• Gwakọta ọmụmụ ihe, nyocha PTT pụrụ iche iji gosipụta ụkọ ihe

Ọgwụgwọ dabere n'ụdị nsogbu ahụ. Ọ nwere ike ịgụnye:

• Nnukwu ihe na-agbanwe ihe
• Ohuru ọbara plasma oyi kpọnwụrụ
• Mmịnye platelet
• Usoro ọgwụgwọ ndị ọzọ

Chọpụta ihe banyere ọrịa ọgbụgba site na otu ndị a:

• National Hemophilia Foundation: Ihe ndị ọzọ kpatara - www.hemophilia.org/Bleeding-Disorders/Types-of-Bleeding-Disorders/Other-Factor-Deficiencies
• National Hemophilia Foundation: Mmeri maka Womenmụ nwanyị Na-arịa Ọbara - www.hemophilia.org/Community-Resources/Women-with-Bleeding-Disorders/Victory-for-Women-with-Blood-Disorders
• Ngalaba Ahụike na Ọrụ Ndị Ọrụ US - www.womenshealth.gov/a-z-topics/bleeding-disorders

Ihe si na ya pụta dabere na nsogbu ahụ. Enwere ike ijikwa ọtụtụ nsogbu ọgbụgba ọbara mbụ. Mgbe nsogbu ahụ bụ n'ihi ọrịa, dị ka DIC, ihe ga-esi na ya pụta ga-adabere n'otú a pụrụ isi gwọọ ọrịa na-akpata ọrịa.

Nsogbu nwere ike ịgụnye:

• Ọbara ọgbụgba na ụbụrụ
• Oké ọbara ọgbụgba (na-esitekarị na eriri afọ ma ọ bụ mmerụ ahụ)

Nsogbu ndị ọzọ nwere ike ịdabere, dabere na nsogbu ahụ.

Kpọọ onye nlekọta ahụike gị ma ọ bụrụ na ị hụ ọbara ọgbụgba ọ bụla ma ọ bụ nke siri ike.

Mgbochi na-adabere na nsogbu ahụ kpọmkwem.

Ọrịa Coagulopathy

Gailani D, Wheeler AP, Neff AT. Ọ bụ ụkọ coagulation kpatara erughị eru. Na: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, ndị ọzọ. Hematology: ickpụrụ na Omume. Nke 7. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isi 137.

JElọ Nzukọ JE. Hemostasis na coagulation ọbara. Na: JElọ Nzukọ JE, ed. Akwụkwọ Guyton na Halllọ Akwụkwọ Ahụike Ahụike. Nke 13. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isi 37.

Nichols WL. Ọrịa Von Willebrand na ọrịa ndị na-arịa ọrịa ọbara nke platelet na ọrụ vascular. Na: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Ọgwụ Goldman-Cecil. Nke iri abụọ na ise. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isi 173.

Ragni MV. Ọrịa ọgbụgba ọbara: ụkọ ihe kpatara nsogbu. Na: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Ọgwụ Goldman-Cecil. Nke iri abụọ na ise. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isi 174.