Meningitis

Ọrịa meningitis bụ ọrịa nke membranes na-ekpuchi ụbụrụ na ụbụrụ. Ihe mkpuchi a ka akpọrọ meninges.

Ihe na-akpatakarị ọrịa meningitis bụ nje virus. Ọrịa ndị a na-akawanye mma n'enweghị ọgwụgwọ. Mana, ọrịa meningitis na-efe efe dị ezigbo njọ. Ha nwere ike ịkpata ọnwụ ma ọ bụ mmebi ụbụrụ, ọbụlagodi ma a gwọọ ha.

Eningrịa ụkwara nwekwara ike kpatara site na:

• Chemical iwe
• Ọrịa ọgwụ
• Ero
• Parasaiti
• Tumo

Ọtụtụ ụdị nke nje nwere ike ime ka meningitis:

• Enteroviruses: Ndị a bụ nje nwekwara ike ịkpata ọrịa nsia.
• Nje virus herpes: Ndị a bụ otu nje virus nke nwere ike ibute ọnya oyi na herpes genital. Otú ọ dị, ndị mmadụ na-arịa ọnya oyi ma ọ bụ herpes genital enweghị ohere dị elu nke ịmalite ịrịa ọrịa herpes.
• Mumps na nje virus.
• Ọrịa West Nile: Ọrịa a na-agbasa site na anwụnta ọ bụkwa ihe dị mkpa na-ebute ọrịa meningitis na-efe efe n'ọtụtụ n'ime United States.

Enteroviral meningitis na-apụtakarị karịa ọnya na-akpata nje na-adị mfe. Ọ na-apụtakarị na ngwụsị oge ọkọchị na mmalite ọdịda. Ọ na-emetakarị ụmụaka na ndị okenye nọ n'okpuru afọ 30. Mgbaàmà nwere ike ịgụnye:

• Isi ọwụwa
• Mmetụta na ìhè (photophobia)
• Ahụ ọkụ
• Afọ na afọ ọsịsa
• Ike ọgwụgwụ

Mmaningitis nje bụ ihe mberede. Treatment ga-achọ ọgwụgwọ ozugbo na ụlọ ọgwụ. Mgbaàmà na-abịakarị ngwa ngwa, ma nwere ike ịgụnye:

• Ahụ ọkụ na akpata oyi
• Ọnọdụ uche na-agbanwe
• Ọgbọ na ọgbụgbọ
• Ighọta ìhè
• Oké isi ọwụwa
• Igba olu

Mgbaàmà ndị ọzọ nwere ike ịpụta na ọrịa a:

• Mgbagha
• Bulging fontanelles na ụmụ ọhụrụ
• Mbelata anya
• Nri na-adịghị mma ma ọ bụ mgbakasị na ụmụaka
• Na-eku ume ngwa ngwa
• Ọdịdị na-adịghị adị, nke isi ya na olu ya laghachi azụ (opisthotonos)

Nweghị ike ịchọpụta ma ị nwere ọrịa nje na-akpata nje ma ọ bụ ịrịa ọrịa site na otu ọ dị gị. Onye na-ahụ maka ahụike gị aghaghi ịchọpụta ihe kpatara ya. Gaa na ngalaba ụlọ ọgwụ na-ahụ maka ihe mberede ma ọ bụrụ n ’ị chere na ị nwere mgbaàmà nke meningitis.

Onye na-enye gị ga-enyocha gị. Nke a nwere ike igosi:

• Obi ngwa ngwa
• Ahụ ọkụ
• Ọnọdụ uche na-agbanwe
• Igba olu

Ọ bụrụ na onye na-eweta ahụ chere na ị nwere meningitis, a ga-eme mgbapụta lumbar (akwara) iji wepụ ihe atụ nke mmiri ọgwụ (cerebrospinal fluid, ma ọ bụ CSF) maka ule.

Nyocha ndị ọzọ enwere ike ịme gụnyere:

• Omenala ọbara
• Igbe x-ray
• CT scan nke isi

Ọgwụ nje na-agwọ ọrịa meningitis nje. Ọgwụ nje anaghị agwọ ọrịa meningitis. Ma enwere ike ịnye ndị nwere ọrịa herpes meningitis ọgwụ na-agwọ ọrịa.

Usoro ọgwụgwọ ndị ọzọ gụnyere:

• Fluids site na akwara (IV)
• Ọgwụ iji gwọọ mgbaàmà, dị ka ụbụrụ ọzịza, ujo, na ọdịdọ

Nchoputa oge mbu na ogwugwo nke oria ojoo a di nkpa iji gbochie mmebi ogwu na-adigide. Mkpụrụ ụkọ meningitis na-adịkarị njọ, ihe mgbaàmà ga-apụkwa n'ime izu 2 n'enweghị nsogbu na-adịgide adịgide.

Enweghị ọgwụgwọ ozugbo, meningitis nwere ike ibute ihe ndị a:

• Mbibi ụbụrụ
• Mbelata nke mmiri n'etiti okpokoro isi na ụbụrụ (ntinye ume)
• Ntị ntị
• Mbelata nke mmiri n'ime okpokoro isi nke na-eduga ụbụrụ ụbụrụ (hydrocephalus)
• Ọdịdọ
• Ọnwụ

Ọ bụrụ n’iche na gị onwe gị ma ọ bụ nwa gị nwere mgbaàmà nke meningitis, nweta enyemaka ahụike mberede ozugbo. Ọgwụgwọ oge gboo bụ isi ihe dị mma.

Vaccinfọdụ ọgwụ mgbochi nwere ike inye aka gbochie ụfọdụ ụdị ọrịa meningitis nje:

• Haemophilus ogwu ogwu (HiB ogwu) enyere umu aka
• A na-enye ụmụaka na ndị okenye ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa Pneumococcal
• A na-enye ụmụaka na ndị okenye ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa Meningococcal; ụfọdụ obodo na-eme mkpọsa ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa mgbe ntiwapụ nke meningococcal meningitis.

Ndị ụlọ na ndị ọzọ nwere mmekọrịta chiri anya na ndị nwere ọrịa meningitis meningo kwesịrị ịnara ọgwụ nje iji gbochie ibute ọrịa.

Meningitis - nje; Meningitis - malitere ịrịa; Meningitis - fungal; Meningitis - ogwu ogwu

• Ventriculoperitoneal shunt - igbapu

• Ihe ịrịba ama Brudzinski nke meningitis
• Kernig akara nke meningitis
• Lumbar mgbapu (ọgidigi azụ)
• Mgbanwe nke ụbụrụ
• Meninges nke spain
• Haemophilus influenzae ntule

Hasbun R, Van de Beek D, Brouwer MC, Tunkel AR. Nnukwu meningitis. Na: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, na Bennett Prinkpụrụ na Omume nke Ọrịa Na-efe Ọrịa. Agba nke 9. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isi 87.

Nath A. Meningitis: nje, virus, na ndị ọzọ. Na: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Ọgwụ Goldman-Cecil. Nke 26th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isi 384.