Echocardiogram - umuaka

Echocardiogram bụ ule nke na-eji ebili mmiri iji mepụta eserese nke obi. Ejiri ya na umuaka iji nyere aka chọpụta ihe n’adighi nma nke obi di n’oge amuchara mmadu (congenital). Foto a zuru ezu karịa foto x-ray mgbe niile. Echocardiogram anaghị ekpughekwa ụmụaka na radieshon.

Nwa gị na-ahụ maka nlekọta ahụike nwere ike ịme ule ahụ n'ụlọọgwụ, n'ụlọ ọgwụ, ma ọ bụ n'ụlọ ọgwụ ndị ọzọ. Echocardiography na ụmụaka na-eme ya na nwata dina ala ma ọ bụ dinara n’apata nne na nna ha. Approachzọ a nwere ike inyere ha aka ịkasi ha obi ma mee ka ha kwụsie ike.

Na nke ọ bụla n'ime ule ndị a, onye na-ese ihe a zụrụ azụ na-anwale ule ahụ. Otu dibia bekee na akowa ihe ndia.

TRANSTHORACIC ECHOCARDIOGRAM (TTE)

TTE bụ ụdị echocardiogram nke ọtụtụ ụmụaka ga-enwe.

• Onye na-ahụ maka ihe nkiri na-etinye gel na ọgịrịga nwata ahụ n'akụkụ ọkpụkpụ obi na mpaghara gburugburu obi. A na-ejikarị aka ejiri aka, nke a na-akpọ transducer, na gel na obi nwa ahụ ma duru ya gaa n'obi. Ngwaọrụ a na - ewepụta ụda ebili mmiri dị elu.
• Onye ntụgharị ahụ na-eburu nkuzi nke ebili mmiri na-abịa site n'obi na arịa ọbara.
• Igwe echocardiography na-agbanwe mkpali ndị a ka ọ bụrụ foto na-akpali akpali nke obi. A ka na-ese foto.
• Foto ndị nwere ike ịbụ akụkụ abụọ ma ọ bụ akụkụ atọ.
• Usoro dum dị ihe dị ka nkeji iri abụọ ruo iri anọ.

Nnwale ahụ na-eme ka onye na-eweta ya hụ obi na-akụ. Ọ na-egosikwa obi valves na ndị ọzọ owuwu.

Oge ụfọdụ, ngụgụ, ngụgụ, ma ọ bụ akwara ahụ nwere ike igbochi ụda olu ịmịpụta ihe doro anya nke obi. N'okwu a, sonographer nwere ike gbanye obere mmiri mmiri (ihe dị iche na agba) site na IV iji hụ nke ọma n'ime obi.

TRANSESOPHAGEAL ECHOCARDIOGRAM (TEE)

TEE bụ ụdị echocardiogram ọzọ ụmụaka nwere ike ịnwe. A na-anwale nwa ahụ ka ọ dinara ala.

• Sonographer ga-akụ azụ akpịrị nwa gị ma tinye obere ọkpọkọ n'ime ọkpọkọ nri nwa (esophagus). Na njedebe nke tube nwere ngwaọrụ iji zipu ebili mmiri.
• Ebili ụda ahụ na-egosipụta akụkụ nke obi ma gosipụta ya na ihuenyo dị ka ihe oyiyi nke obi na arịa ọbara.
• N'ihi esophagus dị n'azụ obi, a na-eji usoro a iji nweta foto doro anya nke obi.

Nwere ike ime usoro ndị a iji kwadebe nwa gị tupu usoro ahụ:

• Ekwela ka nwa gị rie ma ọ bụ drinkụọ ihe ọ bụla tupu ị aụọ TEE.
• Ejila ude ma ọ bụ mmanụ ọ bụla na nwa gị tupu ule.
• Kọwaara ụmụaka toro ogologo ule ahụ ka ha wee ghọta na ha kwesịrị ịnọ otu oge n’ule ahụ.
• Mụntakịrị na-erubeghị afọ 4 nwere ike ịchọ ọgwụ (ogwuura) iji nyere ha aka ịnọ jụụ maka ịse foto doro anya.
• Nye ụmụaka karịrị 4 ihe eji egwuri egwu ka ha jide ma ọ bụ mee ka ha kirie vidio ga-enyere ha aka ịnọ jụụ ma nọrọkwa n’oge ule ahụ.

• Nwa gị ga-ewepụ uwe ọ bụla n’úkwù wee dinara n’elu tebụl ule.
• A ga-etinye electrodes n’elu obi nwa gị iji lelee obi ịkụ ọkụ.
• A na-etinye gel na obi nwa ahụ. O nwere ike ịbụ oyi. A ga-agbanye isi transducer n'elu gel. Nwatakịrị nwere ike inwe nrụgide n'ihi onye ntụgharị ahụ.
• Mụaka nwere ike ịnwe ahụ erughị ala n'oge ule ahụ. Ndị nne na nna kwesịrị ịgbalị ime ka nwatakịrị dị jụụ n'oge ule ahụ.

A na-eme ule a iji nyochaa ọrụ, valvụ obi, akwara ndị isi, na ime ụlọ nke obi nwa site na mpụga ahụ.

• Nwa gị nwere ike nwee akara ma ọ bụ mgbaàmà nke nsogbu obi.
• Ndị a nwere ike ịgụnye iku ume dị mkpụmkpụ, uto na-adịghị mma, ọzịza ụkwụ, ntamu obi, agba agba gburugburu egbugbere ọnụ mgbe ị na-ebe ákwá, ihe mgbu obi, ahụ ọkụ a na-akọwaghị, ma ọ bụ nje ndị na-eto eto na ule ọbara.

Nwa gị nwere ike ịnwekwu nsogbu maka nsogbu obi n'ihi nnwale mkpụrụ ndụ na-adịghị mma ma ọ bụ nkwarụ ọmụmụ ndị ọzọ dị.

Onye ahụ na-eweta ọrụ nwere ike ịkwado TEE ma ọ bụrụ:

• The TTE edoghị. Nsonaazụ na-edoghị anya nwere ike ịbụ n'ihi ọdịdị nke obi nwa ahụ, ọrịa ngụgụ, ma ọ bụ oke abụba ahụ.
• Mpaghara obi kwesiri ileba anya nke oma.

Nsonaazụ dị mma pụtara na enweghị ntụpọ na valvụ obi ma ọ bụ ime ụlọ ma enwere mgbidi mgbidi ọ bụla.

Usoro echocardiogram na-adịghị ahụkebe na nwatakịrị nwere ike ịpụta ọtụtụ ihe. Fọdụ nchọpụta na-adịghị mma dị obere ma anaghị ebute isi ihe egwu. Ndị ọzọ bụ ihe ịrịba ama nke ajọ ọrịa obi. N'okwu a, nwatakịrị ga-achọ nyocha ọzọ site na ọkachamara. Ọ dị ezigbo mkpa ikwu banyere nsonaazụ nke echocardiogram na onye na-eweta nwa gị.

Usoro echocardiogram nwere ike inyere aka ịchọpụta:

• Ọdịiche valvụ obi
• Uche ndi ozo
• Mmebi iwu nke obi
• Mbufụt (pericarditis) ma ọ bụ ọmụmụ n'ime akpa n'akụkụ obi (pericardial effusion)
• Ofufe ọrịa na ma ọ bụ gburugburu obi valves
• Ọbara mgbali elu dị n’arịa dị n’akpa ume
• Otú obi nwere ike ịgbapụta nke ọma
• Isi mmalite nke ọnya ọbara mgbe ọrịa strok ma ọ bụ TIA gasịrị

TTE na umuaka enweghi ihe egwu obula.

TEE bụ usoro nbibi. Enwere ike ịnwe ụfọdụ ihe egwu na ule a. Soro onye na-eweta gị kwurịtara banyere ihe egwu dị na ule a.

Transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) - umuaka; Echocardiogram - transthoracic - ụmụaka; Doppler ultrasound nke obi - ụmụaka; Ikwughachi elu - ụmụaka

Campbell RM, Douglas PS, Eidem BW, Lai WW, Lopez L, Sachdeva R. ACC / AAP / AHA / ASE / HRS / SCAI / SCCT / SCMR / SOPE 2014 iji ihe eji eme ihe kwesiri ekwesiri izipu ihe omuma nke ndi mmadu na ndi ozo: akuko nke American College of Cardiology Kwesịrị Ekwesị Iji Criteria Task Force, American Academy of Pediatrics, American Heart Association, American Society of Echocardiography, Heart Rhythm Society, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interutions, Society of Cardiovascular Comomo Tomography, Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, na Society nke Pediatric Echocardiography. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014; 64 (19): 2039-2060. PMID: 25277848 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25277848/.

Solomon SD, Wu JC, Gillam L, Bulwer B. Echocardiography. Na: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Ọrịa Obi Braunwald: Akwụkwọ ọgụgụ nke Ọgwụ Ọrịa Cardiovascular. Nke 11.Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isi 14.

Webb GD, Smallhorn JF, Therrien J, Redington AN. Congenital ọrịa obi na okenye na ụmụaka na-enwe ndidi. Na: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Ọrịa Obi Braunwald: Akwụkwọ ọgụgụ nke Ọgwụ Ọrịa Cardiovascular. Nke 11. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isi 75.