Obi na-atamu ntamu

Ntamu obi bụ ụda na-ada ụda, ụda olu, ma ọ bụ ụda dara ụda a nụrụ n'oge ụda obi. A na-ada ụda ahụ site n'ọgba aghara (ike ike) na-asọba n'ime valvụ obi ma ọ bụ n'akụkụ obi.

Obi nwere ụlọ 4:

• Ime ụlọ abụọ dị elu (atria)
• Ime ụlọ abụọ dị ala (ventricles)

Obi nwere valvụ nke mechiri obi ọ bụla, na-eme ka ọbara na-aga nanị n'otu ụzọ. Valves ndị ahụ dị n’agbata ọnụ ụlọ ndị ahụ.

Murmurs nwere ike ime maka ọtụtụ ebumnuche, dịka:

• Mgbe valvụ anaghị emechi emechi ma ọbara na-ada n'azụ (regurgitation)
• Mgbe ọbara na-aga site na nkedo obi dị warara ma ọ bụ nke siri ike (stenosis)

E nwere ọtụtụ ụzọ onye nlekọta ahụike gị nwere ike isi kọwaa ntamu:

• A na-ekewa ụda olu ("akara") dabere na oke ụda ntamu na stethoscope. Nhazi ahụ dị n'ọtụtụ. Ọkwa enwere ike ịnụ m. Ihe atụ nke ntamu ntamu bụ "ọkwa II / VI ntamu." (Nke a pụtara na ntamu ahụ bụ ọkwa 2 na ọkwa nke 1 ruo 6).
• Na mgbakwunye, a na-akọwa ntamu site na usoro nke obi otiti mgbe a nụrụ ntamu ahụ. Enwere ike ịkọwa ntamu obi dị ka systolic ma ọ bụ diastolic. (Systole bụ mgbe obi na-amịpụta ọbara ma diastole bụ mgbe ọ na-ejupụta n'ọbara.)

Mgbe ntamu na-ahụkarị, onye na-eweta ya nwere ike nwee ike iji aka aka ya n'obi ya. A na-akpọ nke a "obi ụtọ".

Ihe ndị na-eweta ga-ele anya na ule ahụ gụnyere:

• Ntamu ahụ ọ na-eme mgbe obi na-ezu ike ma ọ bụ na-eme nkwekọrịta?
• Ọ na-adịgide n'oge niile otiti obi?
• Ọ na-agbanwe mgbe ị na-akwagharị?
• Enwere ike ịnụ ya n'akụkụ ndị ọzọ nke obi, na azụ, ma ọ bụ n'olu?
• Ebee ka ntamu ahụ dịkarịsịrị ike?

Ọtụtụ ntamu obi adịghị emerụ ahụ. A na-akpọ ụdị ntamu a dị ka ntamu na-enweghị isi. Ha agaghị akpata ihe mgbaàmà ma ọ bụ nsogbu ọ bụla. Ntamu ndị na-enweghị ihe ha mere Ọ B needLA mkpa ọgwụgwọ.

Mkpu obi ndị ọzọ nwere ike igosi adịghị adị n'ime obi. Enwere ike ịtamu ntamu ndị a na-adịghị mma site na:

• Nsogbu nke aortic valvụ (aortic regurgitation, aortic stenosis)
• Nsogbu nke valvụ mitral (ala ala ma ọ bụ nnukwu mitral regurgitation, mitral stenosis)
• Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
• Mkpụrụ obi akpa ume (nlọghachi ọbara n'ime oghere aka nri, kpatara ọdịda nke valvụ pulmonary imechi kpamkpam)
• Pulmonary valvụ stenosis
• Nsogbu nke tricuspid valvụ (tricuspid regurgitation, tricuspid stenosis)

O nwere ike ịbụ na ụmụaka na-atamu ntamu nke ukwuu:

• Anomalous akpa ume venous nloghachi (ndiiche guzobere nke akpa ume veins)
• Atrial septal ntụpọ (ASD)
• Coarctation nke aorta
• Patenti ductus arteriosus (PDA)
• Ventricular septal ntụpọ (VSD)

Ọtụtụ ntamu nwere ike ịpụta site na ngwakọta nke nsogbu obi.

Oftenmụaka na-atamukarị ntamu dị ka akụkụ nkịtị nke uto. Ntamu ndị a achọghị ọgwụgwọ. Ha nwere ike ịgụnye:

• Pulmonary eruba na-atamu
• ’Stamu ntamu
• Venous hum

Onye na-eweta ọrụ nwere ike ige ntị na ụda obi gị site na itinye stethoscope n'obi gị. A ga-ajụ gị ajụjụ gbasara akụkọ ahụike gị na ihe mgbaàmà ya, dịka:

• Members nweela ndị ọzọ so n'ezinụlọ na-atamu ntamu ma ọ bụ nụ ụda olu obi ndị ọzọ
• You nwere ezinụlọ ezinụlọ nwere nsogbu obi?
• You nwere ihe mgbu obi, nkụchi, ume iku ume, ma ọ bụ nsogbu iku ume ndị ọzọ?
• You nwewo ọzịza, ibu ibu, ma ọ bụ veins na-agba ume n'olu?
• Ndi akpukpo aru gi nwere agba di nma?

Ndị na-eweta ọrụ nwere ike ịrịọ gị ka ị gbatuo, kwụ ọtọ, ma ọ bụ jidere ume gị mgbe ị na-ada ala ma ọ bụ jiri aka gị jide ihe iji gee obi gị ntị.

Enwere ike ịme ule ndị a:

• Igbe x-ray
• Nchịkwa Electrocardiogram (ECG)
• Ihe omumu

Obi na-ada ụda - ntamu; Soundsda obi - adịghị mma; Murmur - aka ya dị ọcha; Ntamu na-enweghị ihe o mere; Obi nke Systolic na-atamu; Obi diastolic na-atamu ntamu

• Obi - ngalaba site n'etiti
• Obi valves

Fang JC, O'Gara PT. Akụkọ ihe mere eme na nyocha nke anụ ahụ: usoro dabeere na-egosi. Na: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Ọrịa Obi Braunwald: Akwụkwọ ọgụgụ nke Ọgwụ Ọrịa Cardiovascular. Nke 11. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isi 10.

Goldman L. Agakwuru onye ọrịa nwere ọrịa obi nwere ike. Na: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Ọgwụ Goldman-Cecil. Nke 26th. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isi 45.

Nishimura RA, Otto CM, Bonow RO, et al. 2017 AHA / ACC Ndozi nke usoro 2014 AHA / ACC maka nlekọta nke ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa obi valvular: akụkọ nke American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Mgbaghari. Ọrịa. 2017; 135 (25): e1159-e1195. PMID: 28298458 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28298458/.

Swartz MH. Obi. Na: Swartz MH, ed. Akwụkwọ ọgụgụ nke nyocha anụ ahụ: akụkọ ihe mere eme na nyocha. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: Isi nke 14.